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joint and then solder up. This simple preparation has this great advantage — that it will penetrate all the crevices of the cable or wire and cause a most thorough union of all the strands into a solid mass, which is a desirable point in work of this nature. This preparation must be kept in a corked bottle, as the alcohol evaporates. My last injunction is to always use the best of material for your work if you want it to pass inspection and tests.
It is advisable to be the possessor of a good kit of tools for this work. Such can be purchased at any electrical store at prices to suit the pocket.
Several kinds of wires are met with in daily work such as have already been described in earlier chapters. We will start with the simplest, namely, the cotton-covered wire known familiarly as D. C. C. In jointing this wire, trim off the cotton covering carefully for about two inches on each side, clean the wires thoroughly with some emery cloth and twist the two together as shown in Fig. 5 and solder carefully; then wrap some of the insulating tape around the joint and cover the cotton covering on each side for about two inches. This is for telephones and bell work only.
We will now proceed with the jointing of wires used for lighting, etc. Wires of this character are generally covered first with either rubber or gutta-percha next to the wire, with sometimes a thin layer of cotton between the wire and the gutta-percha, rubber or compound in
sulating material (this is done to prevent the insulating material from sticking to the wire), then outside of this come various other substances such as okonite, etc., then comes a covering of braided material treated with compounds of tar or rubber composition, and the cable is further protected by armoring with such materials as lead and steel tubing for the safeguarding of the wires or cable from outside attacks.
In proceeding to learn jointing, start with the simple gutta-percha covered wire. Strip off the gutta-percha compound so as to leave two inches of bare wire ; well clean this with emery cloth, although many simply scrape the wire with the knife, which is the lazy man’s method, and bad practice, for the reason that the wire is often injured by the knife nicking the wire. When the wires will have the appearance of Fig. 4 grip the two together with flat-nosed pliers (as shown in Fig. 5) and proceed to twist one wire round the other, as in Fig. 6. You can tighten the twist by gently pinching the wires with the pliers. Then solder carefully with either a hot soldering iron or a small spirit blow lamp or torch, using the soldering compound and wire solder ; clean off all excess compound and solder from the joint when cold. Next warm the gutta-percha on one side and draw it down over the joint, as shown in Fig. 7, then warm the other side and draw it down over the joint also and over the other side which you have just drawn down until you have the appearance as shown in Fig. 8 ; then warm the guttapercha again and with the hand (as in Fig. 9) mould or unite the two together into one mass. Next cut off a