Nation projector carbons (1935)

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A.C. Hiffh Intensity Arc Figure 61 8 mm A.C. High Intensity Carbons, Underloaded: 60 Amperes, 2 4 Volts; Showing Different Positions of the Arc as it "Flops" About on the Ends of the Carbons It is essential for good operation of the arc and good light projection that the A.C. high-intensity arc be maintained within certain definite arc lengths and that it have a characteristic shape which is easily identified. Figure 62 shows the A.C. highintensity arc burning under the correct conditions at 80 amperes and 251 2 volts between two 8 mm carbons. The copper coating ends 0.35-inch from the ends of the carbons, the arc length is 0.27 inch and the end of the electrode is 0.225-inch in diameter. The arc itself consists of a highly luminous portion close to each electrode, and a portion of lower luminosity, almost the shape of a ball, extending about as far below the electrodes as above them and ending at the top in two well-defined short tail-flames. It is interesting to note the shape of the highly luminous portion of the arc near the electrodes to which reference will be made later in discussing improvements in the optical system. BALL SHAPED PORTION OF ARC LOWER LUMINOSITY Figure 62 mm A.C. High Intensity Carbons: 80 Amperes, 251 2 Volts; Good Operating Conditions 11