Notes of a film director (1959)

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of Cannae, and still greater glory to the commanders of the Red Army, who employed it even more brilliantly in the Stalingrad Battle. We saw clearly what we had to show in the film. We had to show a "Newton's apple" which would suggest to Alexander, as he planned the battle, the strategic picture of the Battle on the Ice. Such situations are extremely difficult to invent. The hardest thing is to invent an image when you have an almost mathematically precise formula of "what is demanded of it." Take the formula and make an image of it. There is a more organic and effective process — it is when you simultaneously live through the theme in your imagination and gradually crystallize the formula of the concept (thesis). But when you have a well-rounded formula, it is very hard indeed to dip it again in the cauldron where initial, "inspired," emotional sensations are brewing. This has been the stumbling-block for many dramatists and authors, past and present, who have had to deal with plays "with a problem," plays a these, plays in which actors' performances and the destinies of the characters must show an a priori thesis, a formula, instead of allowing the thesis to take shape as the general idea develops, in the life process of the work. In the latter case, the thesis will appear as the most pointed statement of the general theme, of the idea that has given birth to the work; in the former case, there are apt to be doubtful "finds" of a purely mechanical nature. But we had no alternative: we were confronted with the necessity of dealing with a case where the "demand" anticipated the development of the scene directly from inner urge — bypassing all formulas — into an image. No, we had no alternative! We had to find a solution, to experiment and engage in a play of "offer iand choice," in which it was almost impossible to control the "team of two horses" — consciousness and imagination — with one tightly stretched bridle, and make them carry us at a level pace to the common goal— the wise imagery of the whole. So we began to rack our brain searching and trying. . . . What did Alexander see on the eve of the battle that suggested to him the best strategic plan for routing the Germans? The plan itself was known to us. It consisted in preventing the wedge from cutting into the Russian 45