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APPENDIX 423 pressure is never likely to become great enough to cause danger. When the generator is used outside the lantern, the artificial evaporation produced by the passage of oxygen cools the vessel, and the formation of the ether-gas is thereby retarded. This is a serious drawback, especially as the gradual emptying of the ether chamber leads to the same result, i.e. the lessening of the ether supply. A saturator to combine the advantages of both these forms was designed in the laboratory of Christ's College, New Zealand, and is made by Messrs. Newton & Co. (fig. 238). It consists of a brass cylinder A, closed by a screw cap B. At c is a stopper for filling. The space above c is filled with two rolls of concentric packing material separated by a brass tube. On the top are two nozzles, a. double one E D and a single one F. The oxygen supply is connected to D, and divides into two branches, passing upwards out of nozzle E to the oxygen tap of an ordinary mixed gas-jet, the other path leading downwards into the saturator, through the outer roll of packing material, into the chamber below c, upwards again through the inner roll of packing and emerging at F, charged with ether vapour, and on to the ordinary hydrogen tap of the jet. Below c is a hollow space filled with liquid ether, and from the packing chambers are hung long cotton wicks into this tank of ether. These wicks draw up the liquid by capillary action to take the place of that absorbed by the oxygen, and thereby the porous material in the upper chamber is kept fully saturated. The advantages of this form of generator are threefold: (1) The construction renders it easy to with- draw the rolls of packing material for drying purposes, and this should be done at least once every season, as ether contains an appreciable quantity of moisture which does not evaporate readily, and therefore accumulates. (2) The saturator being kept full by means of the cotton wicks Fio. 238