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436 TROUBLES WITH MOVING PICTURES [Cn. XI
The automatic magic lanterns are devised to show automatically a series of ordinary lantern slides. One of these instruments is called the "Advertigraph" by Williams, Brown & Earle and has a capacity of 24 lantern slides. Another form, designated a "Stereomotorgraph" by the Charles Besler Co., has a capacity of 52 lantern slides. These instruments are very effective for advertising and for exhibitions in museums.
TROUBLES
§ 599. There are two main troubles confronting the moving picture operator: A poor screen image, and fire in the operating room.
A poor screen image. This may be due to any one or a combination of the following:
(1) An operator with insufficient knowledge and experience. This is probably the most common cause.
( 2 ) A poor pro j ection apparatus .
(3) A bad light due to insufficient current or to a wrong relative position of the carbons.
(4) The parts of the projection apparatus not on one axis.
(5) The film may be poor; too dark or not sharp, or worn out, or badly perforated, or scratched, giving rainstorm appearances.
(6) The film may be wrong side up or wrong side out in the machine.
(7) There may be a "misframe" (§ 584, 597).
(8) The apparatus or the floor may vibrate, giving a jerky appearance on the screen.
(9) The shutter may not be in the right position or of the right design, hence flicker, travel ghost, etc.
(10) The general light in the room may be too great, hence, a gray picture without sufficient contrast. The same effect is produced by a single room light or the light from a door or window shining directly on the screen.
Fire in the operating room. This seems inexcusable, but may occur. To avoid loss of life and of property the operating room must be (i) truly fire-proof; (2) it must have a large flue leading