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c. What effect does this have on the story?
d. How is the treatment of the cricket different in the Collodi and in the Disney versions?
e. How has Disney changed the character of Pinocchio?
12. Why does Pinocchio need a special conscience?
13. Why is Jiminy Cricket doubtful if Pinocchio needs a conscience when he is a success among the puppets?
14. Why were the little boys turned into donkeys?
15. How did Pinocchio finally get to be a real boy?
SUGGESTED CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
1. Compare and contrast Collodi's Pinocchio and Disney's Pinocchio as to characters, dialogue, settings, costumes, and enjoyment.
2. Illustrate the most interesting parts of the story.
3. Dramatize scenes from Pinocchio.
4. Create original songs appropriate to the story.
5. Write poetry about interesting characters and situations. These may be used in choral speaking. The voices of Geppetto, Pinocchio, the fox, the cat, the driver, and others lend themselves to individual expression, while other parts may be spoken in unison.
6. Make an original " animated cartoon" and a simple device for showing it. For example:
a. Draw a series of pictures which at first glance seem to be exactly alike but which vary enough to produce a semblance of action when shown in rapid succession.
b. Make a machine from an orange or egg crate, placed on a table. A broom handle, inserted and fastened at each end of the crate opening to which the film can be attached, will provide a means for rolling the "film." This "miniature theater ' ' can be elaborated according to the ability of the class.
7. Make a study of puppets and marionettes. Discover what the differences are; for example, a puppet is usually made of cloth and operated over a person's hand, while a marionette is made of wood and operated by wires.
8. Let the study of puppetry lead to the writing of original plays for the little actors, as well as the constructing of theaters for them.
9. Make a scrap book of advertisements, stories, pictures, reviews, and criticisms of Pinocchio. Make a brief comment on each item.
10. Obtain information regarding the methods employed in making Disney films. Compare these methods with those employed in making other animated cartoons.
11. Obtain from the Museum of Modern Art in New York City its film The History of the Animated Cartoon.
12. For younger children use the fire on the hearth, steam in the kettle, the candle, the rays of the Wishing Star. the sunlight and shadows as a starting place for the study of light and heat.