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HO A PRACTICAL MANUAL OF SCREEN PLAY WRITING
Reaction pan. The pan can also be used quite effectively to present a collective reaction to a speech or an action. In The Magnificent Ambersons, while some dialogue was being conducted, the camera panned from the speakers' heads across the hallway and along the staircase, revealing various eavesdroppers to the conversation.
Subjective pan. Another spectacular use of the pan is to make it appear to be the eyes of one of the characters. When he enters a J room, for instance, if he is searching for something, the camera can be panned slowly around the room, as though the camera lens were the character's eyes. This creates the illusion in the audience that the camera is also their eyes.
This effect was perfectly presented in the French picture The Grand Illusion, when the prison searchlight, piercing the darkness and falling on the ground in a blazing white pool of light, slowly panned the prison yard, searching out each nook and cranny for the escaped prisoners, as the panning camera followed the light around.
Limit the pan. Don't go overboard in using the pan. Remember this: The pan is not a true representation of the human eye in operation, as it moves from one place to another. For actually, instead of moving smoothly across an expanse of space like the camera's eye, the human eye skips from one point of interest to another. This means that there are a great many details lost to the human eye because of inattention and blurring.
Camera pans tend to slow down tempo. This was obvious in Lady in the Lake, where the camera was supposed to be the eye of Robert Montgomery, the detective protagonist. Instead of skipping about the room as the human eye would do, the camera eye always panned slowly from place to place. A plethora of disturbing nonessentials cluttered up the audience's vision and slowed the tempo to a pedestrian crawl, unfortunately quite often in spots where the reverse tempo was desirable. The subjective camera technique is faulty because of this.
Flash pan. The pan can also be used to simulate the human eye in its place-skipping proclivity. When it is essential to show two or more vital actions taking place simultaneously in the same vicinity, the flash pan (also called the "blur pan") can be used as an ideal