We use Optical Character Recognition (OCR) during our scanning and processing workflow to make the content of each page searchable. You can view the automatically generated text below as well as copy and paste individual pieces of text to quote in your own work.
Text recognition is never 100% accurate. Many parts of the scanned page may not be reflected in the OCR text output, including: images, page layout, certain fonts or handwriting.
Il8 A PRACTICAL MANUAL OF SCREEN PLAYWRITING
supposed to be centered by the camera, call for a traveling dolly shot.
Traveling dolly shots are used when photographing action in, or on, a moving vehicle, to catch the expression or action of someone in the vehicle. They are especially needed in such instances as cut-in shots, when vehicle interior shots are made, usually with a process, or rear-projection screen, in order to establish a definite place of action. Even these, though, can be avoided in cheap pictures by using an extreme long shot, or even with a long, focal-length lens. And if the scenery cannot be filmed on location, rear-screen projection can be resorted to to obtain the desired effect.
Chinese dolly. Another combination pullback and pan shot is the Chinese dolly, so called because it is executed with the dolly tracks laid at a slant to the subject being photographed. With this combination it is possible for the camera to start with a front view of the subject and finish with a rear view; it can, for example, look down over the shoulder to see what the subject is reading, or show a reverse angle of what the subject is looking at.
The shot opens with a front view, usually on a close shot. Then, as the dolly is pulled back, the camera continues to hold the subject centered by panning slowly so that, by the time the dolly has reached its end position, the camera has made almost a 180 degree pan. This shot illustrates the fact that rules can be broken. The rule forbidding a 180 degree reverse shot does not apply because the continuousness of the shot subject matter sustains audience orientation.
One of these Chinese dolly shots in a picture— or two, at the most —is all that should be used, because of its unusual nature. The first time this technique is employed the audience will be aware of it. The best use of it is as a revelation device at, or near, the story's climax.
A word of caution for the writer of television films: to avoid television screen distortion when reproducing a television film, indicate in your script that all pans, travel shots, and tilts be performed at a slower speed than is customary in shooting motion pictures for theater showing.