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A practical manual of screen playwriting : for theater and television films (1952)

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154 A PRACTICAL MANUAL OF SCREEN PLAYWRITING the character in a cheaply erected mock-up of a small corner of the plane or train coach, interiors which are often stored on the scene dock. Historical montage. Montages are frequently used in historical pictures to indicate the passing of a number of historical events, and at times to summarize an entire epoch. Wipe montage. The wipe montage resorts to wipes instead of dissolves, and usually connects a series of quick shots to indicate the movement of people or vehicles into various localities. Because the nature of the wipe is such that it carries action with it across the frame, it is especially suited to conveying movement from place to place. Superimposed montage. The superimposed montage is used mostly to present a pictorialized stream of consciousness. An extreme close-up of the subject is photographed first. Then, various quick shots illustrating the thoughts in the subject's mind are photographed separately and spliced together, using either direct cuts or dissolves for connective purposes. These two strips are then printed simultaneously and the result is a double image. This type of montage is also used to illustrate a geographical change, usually one performed on foot. The character making the journey is photographed first as he walks, runs, or stumbles on a treadmill in front of a black velvet curtain. Here the shot does not necessarily have to be a close-up, but can vary from a close-up to a medium shot. Then the various locale shots are photographed or drawn from stock, spliced, connected with dissolves, and superimposed on the shots of the character in motion. Time-lapse montage. Montages are the stock in trade as timelapse devices. They have been used in many traditional ways. One method uses a series of varying newspaper headlines dissolving through each other to cover the time lapse. Another uses calendar leaves falling, or being blown away, in consecutive order. Still another splices together seasonal shots of spring, summer, winter, and fall, each season being identified by the condition of the landscape.