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THE FILMIC COMPONENTS 155
Procedure montage. Montages can be made of mechanical procedures. If a character is manufacturing a certain item, the passage of time required can be indicated by photographing the item in various stages of completion, splicing the strips and connecting them with dissolves.
Date montage. Another type of time-lapse montage uses a sequence of dates that zoom in from a dot to full screen, or in reverse, all performed in the optical effects department.
Symbolic montage. The most creative type of montage is the subjective symbol, used to illustrate a psychological state of mind. The montage used to symbolize Robert Montgomery's becoming unconscious after being hit on the head, in Lady in the Lake, was one in which he was seen to be falling through vast space. In The Snakepit, the symbolizing of the mental institution as a snakepit was presented with an actual snakepit production scene, with the camera pulling away from the inmates so that, as they waved their hands and arms, they appeared to be a nest of snakes in a deep hole. The montage sequences of ocean waves were apt symbols of the constant wash of the mental aberrations that caused the crack-ups.
Do not overuse montages. Montages are convenient devices. They can serve certain useful purposes. As pure cinema, they have a definite place in motion pictures. But they must not be overused. When too many are found to be necessary, it is because the story line is episodic. Too many gaps in time must be accounted for, and the result is not flowing, continuous action but a series of static visual symbols. The picture Mission to Moscow used more than three thousand feet of montage footage because the story line was episodic, because there were too many geographical jumps, and also because location shooting in Moscow was impossible, which made stock montages necessary.
Avoid the hackneyed time-lapse montages, such as those involving pulling calendar leaves and changes of season. If there is a place in screen-play writing for creative imagination, it is in the devising of appropriate effective time-lapse montages. Reject the trite for