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16-MM CAMERAS AND ACCESSORIES 361
possible to cause such effects as when people appear to vanish on walking past the centre of the field; when the same person, on walking across the field of view suddenly sheds some of his clothing or when one or more people 'double' for themselves in the same scene. These effects are all produced by inserting mask 'A' in the matt box in the position shown, running the camera through the action which is to occur in the 'open' half of the mask and, after stopping the camera and rewinding the film to the start of the shot, to reverse the mask from left to right. The complementary half of the frames will then be exposed and the actors merely change their positions or make the necessary alterations to their make-up before completing the shot. It is very important that the mask shall be accurately made and that the grooves in the matt box shall be a close fit around the mask. It is therefore advisable to 'register' these masks with dowel pins or similar locking devices to avoid the possibility of slippage or misplacement which would, of course, cause dividing lines to appear in the final pictures between the two halves of the frame.
Mask 'B' is used in a similar manner to mask 'A' and is inverted so that either the upper or lower halves of the frame may be exposed. With such a mask it is quite possible to cause persons to walk out of the picture and 'forget' to take their heads with them. Such an effect is produced by causing the persons concerned to stand within the frame boundaries for the entire length of the complete shot whilst the upper half of the frame is being exposed. The camera is so lined up on the subjects that the horizontal centre is level with the neck or that portion of the body which is to remain after the rest has walked away. The film is then rewound to the start of the shot and the mask is inverted. The second shooting commences with the actors still standing in the picture but, approximately half way through the total running time, the actors walk out of the picture and the camera continues to photograph the background until the remaining length of film (which carries an exposure in the top half of each frame) has also been exposed over the lower section.
By very careful adjustment, and with considerable patience, it is possible to cause more striking effects such as a man having the face of a woman and talking to a woman who is blessed with the face of a man! However, this and similar effects can only be produced if the actors can be relied upon to remain in fairly fixed positions throughout the sequence and also that each actor will be able to take up the position originally occupied by the other when shooting the second half of the scene.