Projection engineering (Jan-Dec 1931)
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Page 20
PROJECTION ENGINEERING
stored or handled except film vaults, shall be provided with first aid fire appliances of types using water or water solutions.
Note : Small hose equipment is recommended, and the following types of extinguishers are considered suitable : Soda acid, calcium chloride, pump tank, water pails and loaded stream.
Section 15. Storage of Film
151. The storage of motion picture film, having reference to amounts of film accumulated or laid by for disposal or use at some later time, as a few hours or longer, shall be in accordance with the following rules :
(a) Except as hereinafter provided in paragraph (b), —
( 1 ) Amounts in excess of 25 pounds (5 standard rolls) but not in excess of 1000 pounds (200 standard rolls) shall be kept in approved cabinets if not in vaults ;
(2) Amounts in excess of 1000 pounds shall be kept in vaults.
(3) Storage for any considerable length of time should be in vaults only.
(b) Unexposed film enclosed in the original shipping cases, conforming to I.C.C. regulations with each roll in a separate container, shall be kept in a sprinklered room, and if over 5 cases aggregating in excess of 750 lbs. (150 standard rolls) shall be kept in a sprinklered room used for no other purpose.
152. Valuable negatives shall be stored in vaults used only for such film, in suitable heat-insulating containers designed to minimize water damage.
Note : The above paragraph being principally concerned with safe-guarding values would not need to be inserted in an ordinance.
Section 16. Film Cabinets
161. Construction. (a) Cabinets including doors shall be of approved insulated construction.
Note : Cabinets may be of insulated metal construction, or may be built into the building with a type of construction listed under partitions, sub-section 112 (a) 1, 2 or 3, if otherwise conforming to the provisions of this section.
(b) Cabinets shall have a capacity of not in excess of 375 pounds of film (75 standard rolls).
(c) Racks in the cabinet shall be of metal and so arranged that containers will be stored on edge only.
(d) Doors shall close tightly against the jambs, and should be so arranged as to remain normally closed and latched.
162. Vents, (a) Cabinets having a capacity of over 50 pounds of film (10 standard rolls) shall be provided with a vent from each compartment to the out
side of the building. The vent shah have a minimum effective sectional area of 14 square inches per 100 pounds of film capacity. For long lengths of vent pipe a larger size may be necessary to take care of friction loss and turns in the pipe.
(b) Vent flues shall be of construction equivalent to 18 U. S. gauge riveted sheet metal, and where inside the building shall be covered with 1 inch of approved heat insulating material.
163. Sprinklers (a) Cabinets holding over 75 pounds of film (15 standard rolls ) shall be provided with at least one automatic sprinkler ; provided, however, that a cabinet constructed so that each roll is in a separate compartment and will burn out without communicating fire to film in any other compartment, need not be provided with an automatic sprinkler.
(b) Cabinets of not over 125 pounds capacity for use in projection booths and rewinding rooms only, may have the required sprinkler head connected to the house supply by not less than %
J~\ESPITE consistent attenJuJ tion to the reduction of fire hazards in theatres, fires continue. According to reliable statistics, fires in theatres occur at the rate of six to seven hundred per year in the United States alone, involving a loss of more than a million dollars.
inch pipe, provided the water pressure at that elevation be not less than 15 pounds, and is sufficient to supply not less than 15 gallons a minute.
164. Film in cabinets shall be in individual roll containers or in I.C.C. shipping containers. Materials other than film shall not be stored in the same cabinet with film'.
Section 17. Film Vaults
171. Construction, (a) Vaults shall be constructed in accordance with plans submitted to and approved by the inspection department having jurisdiction.
(b) Vaults shall not exceed 750 cubic feet in inside dimensions.
(c) Walls and floor shall be constructed of not less than 8 inches of brick, 6 inches of reinforced concrete, or of 12 inches of hollow tile plastered on both sides with cement plaster to a thickness of at least J^-inch; they shall be without cracks or holes permitting escape of gases of combustion into the building.
(d) Vaults shall be supported by masonry or steel of sufficient strength to carry the load safely. Beams shall rest at both ends on steel girders, iron
or steel columns or walls or piers of masonry. The supports shall afford at least 4 hours' protection as determined by the Standard Fire Test. Hollow tile shall not be used for foundation walls or for walls of other than the top vault where vaults are superimposed.
(e) The roof shall be an independent, reinforced concrete roof at least 6 inches thick; where the floor or roof above is equivalent to this, it may serve as the vault roof; a heavy wire screen of not less than 2 inch mesh, or its equivalent may be installed below the required roof to limit the interior vault space to 750 cubic feet.
(f) Unless the building is designed to safely sustain the load resulting from the vault being filled with water, the vault shall be provided with suitable drains or scuppers to the outside of the building.
Note : A depth of 10 feet of water will result in a floor load of 625 pounds per square foot.
(g) Proximity to stacks and other sources of heat shall be avoided.
172. Doors. Door openings shall be protected with approved fire doors, one on each face of the wall.
Note : Vaults may have two door cpenings. Such an arrangement is often a great convenience, as in laboratories, where the vault is located between rooms and used for the temporary storage of film in process.
Doors shall be of the type suitable for use in Class B situations as defined in the Regulations for the Protection of Openings in Walls and Partitions Against Fire. The interior door shall be automatic. The outer door shall be of the swinging type and close into an approved frame or otherwise made tight to prevent the passage of flame around the edges. It shall be self-closing, and if fastened open shall be arranged to close automatically in case of fire originating in or out of the vault. Approved quick-operating devices for closing vault doors are recognized as having advantages over the fusible link, and their use is recommended.
173. Vents, (a) Each vault shall be provided with an independent vent having a minimum effective sectional area of 140 square inches per 1000 pounds of film capacity (equivalent to 70 square inches per 100 standard rolls). The vent area for a vault of 750 cubic feet shall be not less than 1400 square inches.
Note : In determining the proper vent opening, allowance must be made for the window frame and sash, for the area of the glass is considered the effective sectional area of the vent opening.
(b) Vent flues inside the building shall be constructed of 5 inches of reinforced concrete or of a construction equivalent to that required for smoke