Radio annual and television yearbook (1939)

Short Waves — Short wave reception is popular and required in all but the cheapest sets. Stations of the world class are regularly received. Regulations — Canal Zone. According to a circular Dated March 9, issued through the Executive Department of the Panama Canal, no special permission is required for the installing or operating of any well-constructed non-radiating radio receiver in the Canal Zone, except that within the limits of military and naval reservations the installation is subject to regulation by the military or naval authorities. An inside antenna may be installed without permission. For the installation of an outside antenna application must be made to the District Quartermaster. Sets in use — 10.000. Stations — 11. # PARAGUAY General — Various trade sources estimate the number of sets in use in Paraguay at from 5,000 to 10,000, but perhaps 6,000 is the most accurate figure. Annual sales amount to about 1,000 sets. At least 90 per cent of the population have low purchasing power, making the demand for any but the most inexpensive sets extremely limited. Sources of Supply — At least 90 per cent of the sets in Paraguay are of American origin. A few Philips and Telefunken sets are sold. Tubes come from the same sources proportionately. Patents — There has been no patent interference with sales. Registration in Paraguay is advisable to avoid piracy. Tariffs and Restrictions — There are no import or exchange restrictions. Radio sets, tubes, and parts pay duty to 37T/2 per cent under paragraph 694 of the tariff plus additional taxes of 5 and lr/2 per cent levied on dutiable merchandise. Short Wave — Night reception of European and American stations on adequate receivers is good. European stations, especially Berlin, London, Rome and Paris, are heard well even during the day. American stations are received best after 8 p.m. during the winter months, May through September. Daytime reception of American station is always poor. The 25 and 31 meter bands are best, 16 and 19 meters are good, but the 49 meter band is noisy. Short wave reception is popular. Dealer^ find it almost impossible to sell medium wave sets, even though Buenos Aires is satisfactorily received. Broadcasting — All broadcasting in Paraguay is privately operated. Regulations — There are no well defined regulations governing broadcasting other than a specification of the number of stations permitted to operate, and authorizing the Director General of Posts and Telegraphs to assign calls and frequencies and require stations to adhere to them. Sets in use — 6,000. Stations— 9. # PERU General — Atmospheric conditions in Lima, where most of the demand for radio is found, favor good reception. Conditions along the whole coast generally are good, with exceptions made for the regions of Chimbote and Pisco, where ships, as well as receivers on land, report frequent difficulty. Of 14 broadcasting transmitters, 12 are of American manufacture and 2 Marconi. The majority are of 100 to 250 watts, and cost from 3,000 to 10,000 soles, delivered but not assembled. Dealers believe that the United States will continue to be the principal source of supply of transmitters that may be replaced or installed in the future, and of the spare parts purchased, with the exception of the equipment that may be required by the government stations operated by the Marconi Company. Sources of Supply — Dealers state that the 1937 and 1938 sales comprise about 85 per cent American, 10 per cent Dutch and 5 per cent German. Four American and Philips sets dominate the market, but several German makes are progressing. Philips is actively pushed, particularly since the retail sale financing plan was instituted in 1937. Over 30 American makes are represented. German makes offered include Mende, Punto Azul, Telefunken, and Koerting. Patents — There are no patent requirements interfering with the introduction or sale of radio sets and tubes in Peru. It is advisable to register trade marks. The cost of registration is about 140 soles. Tariffs and Restrictions — There is no tariff discrimination or restriction with reference to imports of radio receivers, parts, or materials, of American or other origin. Short Wave — A powerful long and short wave government station was inaugurated in January, 1937, in Lima, and other stations have been improved. Short wave sets are more popular than medium wave sets. Short wave reception of South and Central American stations is satisfactory. Reception of the principal European stations is also satisfactory, especially those providing directional services to this area, such as the German and British stations. American stations are good, but do not come up to the standards of these two European countries in covering Peru. Broadcasting — Of the 10 broadcasting stations in Peru, 4 operate simultaneously on short and medium wave. For local reception medium wave is preferred. Best reception is on the 9, 12, 16, and 20 megacycles. All stations operate independently and, with the exception of the Radio Nacional OAX4A, all are privately owned. Advertising — All of the broadcasting stations are supported by advertising. Transcriptions — Transcriptions are used extensively, both with and without advertising. The usual period of time sold is 15 minutes. Most of the transcriptions are of advertising with musical interludes. Regulations — New radio regulations were adopted June 30, 193 7, covering the entire field of radio. Stricter control was established on communications. All new transmitting licenses are for one year and renewable. All private stations are taxed 10 per cent of their receipts from advertising for the maintenance of service from the government station. Sets in use — 35,000. Stations — 15. # POLAND General — On Jan. 1 last there were in Poland only 861,100 registered receiving sets, of which 546,600 were in urban areas and 311,300 were in rural areas. This total represents an increase of 97,400 sets, or 12.9 per cent, from the 763,700 sets registered on June 1, 1937. The number of registered sets as of July 1, 1938, in all Poland was officially reported to be 901,002, divided 556,855 tube sets, 341,839 crystal sets, and 2,308 954