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Radio Broadcast
Riggers replacing a defective insulator in the Navy's Pearl Harbor high power radio station antenna
range of communication increased from eight miles to as much as three thousand miles under the most favorable conditions, and the application of this method of communication to practical uses, particularly in connection with sea-going ships, especially as regards the preservation of life at sea had been amply demonstrated by the rescue of the passengers and crew of the ill-fated American passenger steamship Republic on January 23, 1909, before that vessel went down, assistance having been summoned by the stricken vessel by wireless. About three years later, or on April 15, 1912, the lamentable Titanic disaster occurred. It will be recalled that the one radio operator carried by the steamship Carpathia, while he was preparing to retire for the night, but while still wearing his radio headphones, almost accidently overheard the radio distress calls, or S. O. S. signals, of the Titanic, and as a result, the Carpathia, after steaming at full speed throughout the night, arrived in the early morning hours at the position previously given by the Titanic and rescued the occupants of the Titanic' s boats after the great vessel had gone down in mid-Atlantic carrying with her a large number of her passengers and crew. The Titanic disaster convinced the world of the
inestimable value of radio as an agency to safeguard life and property at sea, and it resulted in much beneficial legislation being enacted by the various governments of the world, especially as regards the equipping of sea-going passenger-carrying vessels with reliable radio outfits and also the carrying of more than one radio operator. The very great value of radio in naval and military tactics and as an agency to influence world trade was also coming to be generally recognized, and plans began to be formulated by the various leading powers of the world, notably by Great Britain, Germany, and the United States, with a view to establishing chains of high-power radio stations on shore to meet the national and trade requirements.
Germany undertook the establishment of a high-power station in the United States to work with a similar station near Berlin. Great Britain contemplated an " Imperial Wireless Chain" designed to connect all of her outlying possessions with England by radio.
The United States Navy established its first high-power station at Arlington just outside of Washington as the terminus of a projected trans-Continental trans-Pacific High Power Circuit to connect the Navy Depart