Radio mirror (May-Oct 1935)

RADIO MIRROR I SUFFERED BY DAY I SUFFERED BY NIGHT NoOneWillEverKnow the Agony I Underwent in Silence TF there's anything will make you miserable -* and wear you down, it's Piles. The person who has Piles can't walk, sit, stand or even lie down in comfort. The agony writes itself on your face and makes you look years older than you are. The worst part about Piles is that, on account of the delicacy of the subject, many hesitate to seek relief. Yet, if there's anything in need of medical attention, it's this trouble, for it can develop seriously. Piles may vary in form. They may be internal or external, painful or itching, or both. They may be bleeding or not. Whatever form Piles take, they are something to be concerned about and something to treat promptly. Perfect Comfort Effective treatment for Piles today is supplied in Pazo Ointment. Pazo is quick-acting. It is reliable. It almost instantly relieves the distress and restores comfort. 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Your money back if it doesn't more than amaze you with the relief it affords. 68 The Unknown Secrets of the Black Chamber (Continued from page 33) government was at a distinct diplomatic disadvantage in not being able to interpret code and cipher messages transmitted daily by cable and wireless, some of them concerning dastardly plots aimed at American lives and properties. Great Britain, out of pure friendliness, and knowing how helpless we were in the matter, made us a present of some of these messages which her cryptographic experts had picked up and broken apart. Meanwhile, our State Department went on sending out government secrets to our ambassadors and ministers in antiquated codes which all the other countries, including Germany, were reading as soon as, and, in some cases, sooner than the intended recipients of the messages. YARDLEY, then a code clerk in the Department of State, had solved some of the messages himself, but didn't dare reveal the fact for fear of losing his job. However, he studied cryptography surreptitiously in his spare moments, and by the time war was declared, had so mastered the subject that he could at last reveal what he had been doing, as a Cryptographic Bureau was now an essential adjunct of our Military Intelligence Department, and Yardley knew that he was ably fitted to direct it. He convinced the right people, and was soon organizing a department that grew in less than a year from himself and two assistants to nearly two hundred men and women, who for twelve years had a curious but undeniable influence on the political and diplomatic history of our nation. The importance of this work during the war is self-evident, since the success of the American Army depended on safeguarding secret reports and instructions. Germany's submarines were stretching wires alongside cables for several hundred feet and copying code messages by induction. Then her skilled cryptographers would solve the codes. The upshot of the repeated anticipation of our movements by the Germans was that Yardley was ordered to revise the War Department's whole system of codes and ciphers. How many lives were saved by his ingenuity in performing this task is also a matter merely for conjecture, as he admits no conventionally constructed code or cipher is indecipherable, and all he could do was to switch codes so frequently and make them so difficult to break down that by the time the enemy did so, it would be too late for the information to do them any good. But Yardley's duties as Chief of M. I. 8 did not end with compiling codes and ciphers and breaking them down. He had to have a Communications Subsection to control our own code and cipher messages, handling over fifty thousand words a week. The Secret Ink Division was one of the most important divisions of all, examining two thousand letters a week and developing over fifty important secret ink spy letters, which led to many arrests as well as one death sentence, and prevented much enemy activity. And wrestling for hours by himself with a secret ink message written in hieroglyphics, which turned out to be in the German shorthand system, Gabelsberger, was the modest beginning of a Shorthand Subsection which could read documents in nearly any language in thirty different shorthand systems. -, The pen is generally reputed to be mightier than the sword, and it becomes even more formidable when it writes in invisible ink. Secret ink provides one of the most fascinating forms of spy intrigue practiced during the World War, as you will realize if you heard the first serial. "Secret Ink," that opened the "Black Chamber" series on NBC. The simplest kinds of secret inks are brought out by the application of heat, but early in the war the Germans had invented inks that could be developed only by specific reagents. As fast as these reagents were discovered, they invented others. Their spies carried their ink impregnated in silk lingerie, handkerchiefs, soft collars, neckties, the cloth buttons of a dress waistcoat, in toothpaste and soap. One kind did double duty as perfume, another as mouthwash. The ink was soaked out of the impregnated garments in distilled water or a prescribed solution. Many agents didn't know how to develop the ink they used. They merely wrote their messages on the flaps of envelopes, under stamps, in tissue paper linings (until censorship removed these), between split postcards, under photographs, labels, newspaper clippings, or simply between or crosswise to the lines of innocuous letters which they mailed in duplicate to several cover addresses, in neutral countries, which were not under suspicion by authorities. One or two of them were almost certain to get through and be smuggled across the German border. Thus English, French and American moves were being reported regularly to headquarters in Germany. rW,HE scientists of France and England * were working feverishly to discover a general reagent that would develop all secret inks. By a bit of masterly deduction from known facts, it was assumed that the Germans had already discovered such a reagent, and that the lives of all our own spies hung by a thread, until our scientists caught up with theirs and stalemated them. It was useless to develop new inks. As practically nothing was known about secret inks in America, Yardley cabled London for instructions. An instructor was sent to help get the project started, with last instructions to "Beg America to join us in our researches, and for God's sake, find this general reagent! " The newly initiated Americans found it. After working for months, they discovered that if a secret ink letter were enclosed in a glass case and sprayed with a thin iodine vapor, the tiny particles of iodine gradually settled into all the tiny crevices of the paper that had been disturbed by a pen. no matter what the chemistry of the ink used might be. After a hundred experiments, the American chemists discovered that if a letter is written in secret ink, dried, dampened by a brush dipped in distilled water, dried again, and pressed with an iron, the iodine won't work. We were again even. But instead of each side being able to read the other's letters, as had been the situation shortly before, now neither side could read the other's letters. However, our chemists soon learned a way to tell whether a letter had been dampened, and could by means of the test segregate the letters which did contain spy messages. Inevitably in the battle of wits came the startling triumph of discovering an infallible reagent which revealed secret