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The Theatrical Unions IN THE FALL OF 1952, a partial transcript of testimony given be- fore the Senate Internal Subcommittee was made public. In a brief foreword, signed by the Chairman, Senator McCarran, and Senators Eastland and Watkins, this statement appeared: In 1943, pursuant to orders from Alexander Trachtenberg, a Com- munist leader, there began a systematic Communist infiltration of the field of radio. Thereafter, a continuing struggle developed within the Radio Writers Guild between pro-Communist and anti-Communist factions. Although a large majority of the membership of the Radio Writers Guild is anti-Communist, the council of the Guild, which is the governing body, is controlled by the pro-Communist faction which has aligned the Guild in support of Communist organizations and causes. Similar statements have been made at one time or another about other New York talent unions, in particular Actors Equity Asso- ciation and the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA). The relationship between union activity and blacklisting in radio-tv is complex. In the charges and countercharges of recent years, both pro- and anti-blacklisting factions in the talent guilds have claimed they were being discriminated against because of positions taken at union meetings. One group maintains it has suffered because of its "militant unionism"; the other insists it has been discriminated against for leading a fight against communism. There is a measure of exaggeration in both charges. "Militant unionism" per se was never a cause of blacklisting. But from union records information could be gathered about a 143