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284 HANDBOOK OF PROJECTION FOR
LEADER AND TAIL-PIECE.— For several reasons it is essential that there be a "leader" and "tail-piece" at the ends of every reel of film, including the multiple reel feature. The leader not only serves to protect the title from damage, but it enables the projectionist to thread his projector with one of the first frames of the main title over the aperture, whereas otherwise by the time the projector was threaded much of the main title would be past the aperture. Then, too, in threading into the takeup it is frequently desirable, if not necessary, to fold an inch or so of the film over on itself. By so doing it is made stiffer and more easily thrust under the reel spring, also it is more certain to "stay put." This means that the film will soon break off where it is folded, which causes a gradual wasting away of the main title, if there be no leader, and soon there will either not be sufficient title, or a new one will have to be provided for. If, however, there is a leader, then there is no wasting of the main title, and leader costs very much less than title. Another reason why leader should be used is that at the end of the process of rewinding the film often slaps around anywhere from one to a dozen times before the reel is stopped, and if there be no leader to receive the brunt of this rough treatment the title itself is injured. Leader should be at least 36 inches long, and 5 feet is very much better. Old film may be used for leaders, but the better plan is to use film upon which no photograph has been impressed, but which has been exposed in the printing and developed quite dense. This has the advantage of allowing the man who is too lazy to thread in frame to frame up before the main title comes on.
As a matter of fact no competent projectionist who has pride in his work will even think of threading out of frame, but there are a considerable number of operators, or miscalled projectionists, who still persist in sloppy methods. They have no pride in their work, and no right place in a projection room. Instead of being paid for their work the motion picture industry would do better to, if necessary, pay them to remain entirely outside of all projection rooms.
Let us here remark that some projectionists use a stereopticon title where the film title is too short to show. A better plan than this is to punch a hole about % of an inch in diameter in the center of the dowser, then before starting the projector, with the dowser down and the revolving shutter of the projector turned until the projection lens is