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500 HANDBOOK OF PROJECTION FOR
is^ also he probably will be willing to sell you a five gallon can at reasonable figures, and a five gallon can should last a long time. If you are able to procure the power plant oil you certainly cannot do better, because oil used to lubricate the heavy generators of a power plant must, in the very nature of things, be a good lubricant, and one suitable for use on motors and generators.
If you are unable to procure the oil used by the local power plant, then we would recommend for summer use a medium heavy dynamo oil, which may be used the year round if the motor generator be located in a room that is kept warm. If, however, the machine is in an unheated place, then in winter time a light dynamo oil will give the best general satisfaction.
BALL BEARING MACHINES.— Some machines are fitted with ball bearings, in which case provision is usually made for the use of either oil or grease. The amount of oil or grease required by a ball bearing is very little, its function being more to keep the races and balls free from rust than to actually lubricate them.
It is imperatively essential that only a lubricant containing no acid be used with ball bearings. An oil containing, for instance, animal fat, will finally roughen the polished surface of the balls or races and bring about the final destruction of the bearing. For this reason it is very much better that the suggestion of the manufacturer of the machine be implicitly followed in the matter of selecting a lubricant for its ball bearings.
CAUTION.— Most, if not all, motor generator sets of the horizontal type have the oil carried up to the journals by means of rings which rest on the journal and revolve merely by the friction of their own weight thereon. This type of bearing is illustrated in Fig. 148, in which we see an oil ring, the lower part of which runs through the oil well below the journal, the upper part resting on the top of the armature shaft, provision being made for this by a slot or groove cut in the babbit bearing. At the left it is shown photographically and at the right diagrammatically. You may understand the action of the ring by placing an ordinary iron ring on a short piece of iron pipe considerably smaller than the ring and revolving the pipe. You will see that the ring also revolves, though very much slower than does the pipe.
Once the action of this kind of an oil arrangement is understood, two things will be plain, viz.: first, since the lower