Richardson's handbook of projection (1927)

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MANAGERS AND PROJECTIONISTS 819 Figure 309A You will observe that with the light source (We have merely used a point light source for illustration, disregarding the actual practical effect diameter the light source has, because it does not in any way alter the principle we seek to make clear) located three inches from the face of a collector lens having a free opening of 4% inches, approximately a 70 degree angle of light is collected and transmitted forward to the converging lens. This angle diminishes rapidly, however, as the light source is retarded, as shown in figure 309A, and when it, the light source, is 4.5 inches from the face of the lens, only an angle of 50 degrees enters the lens and is transmitted forward to the converging lens. In this connection, however, it must be noted that as the light source is retarded — moved away from the lens — the angle of incidence of the light rays with the lace of the lens becomes less, and the loss by reflection is therefore reduced. This latter, however, amounts to comparatively little, except in cases where the light source is verv close to the collector lens.