Richardson's handbook of projection (1930)

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1054 HANDBOOK OF PROJECTION FOR chronism effect in proportion to the excess amount of film between the apertures, or the lack of sufficient film between them. This is taken care of in the setting of the lower loop — the loop between the intermittent sprocket and the lower sprocket — which item must have your very close attention in threading. »' r 0 /) 3 H' \ Sg Figure 392. Examining Fig. 392 you will observe that whereas A B and A' B' are located precisely the same distance apart, still if the lines connecting them be film, then there would be considerably more film between A' and B' than between A and B. That is self-evident, and that is precisely the situation encountered in threading sound film. As has been said, there must, if there is to be perfect synchronism between sound and motion, be exactly 14^ inches of film between the centers of the two apertures. This is because the sound record which "goes with" the action at any given point in the film is exactly that distance from the action itself, and in advance of it as the film is threaded into the projector. Again examining Fig. 392 you will understand that if the curves be made larger between A' and B', then