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MANAGERS AND PROJECTIONISTS 1175
NOTE. — Of course if you are projecting over or under 90 feet of film per minute — which you should never do — then you will have to figure distances differently. For example, as to the working projector, if the speed is greater than 90, then more than 7^ feet of film will have passed in five seconds ; also it will require probably an added second of time for the projector you are starting to reach maximum speed, all of which must be taken into account.
(e) NEEDLES. — The needles supplied are usually far from perfect. The careful, painstaking projectionist will examine all needles, rejecting any which have not a perfectly sharp point when examined under a magnifying glass. The management should supply a good glass for this purpose. It will pay them to do it. A good, strong reading glass will serve very well. One may even use a condenser lens, but, while better than nothing, it is unsatisfactory.
Grade needles as nearly as possible into lots of equal length and diameter. Examined under a glass, needles will be found to vary more or less both in length and diameter. If a needle be thicker and (or) shorter than the one it displaces in the reproducer, then the resultant sound will be materially altered. It will be both louder and more harsh. Long, thin needles tend to produce soft, low music or speech. Conversely, thick, short needles make for loud, harsh sound.
With the aid of a good glass and an examining board, enough needles may be examined and graded in half an hour to last for at least a month of operation, and it will be time well expended.
(f) To construct an examining board, secure a board of any convenient width greater than, say, two inches,