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80 SCIOPT ICON MANUAL. from a window facing the north sky. Glass has a smooth and a rough side; the smooth side is that on which the drawing is to be made ; it may readily be determined by drawing the finger-nail over the surface. The glass should bo carefully cleaned with water, to which a solu- tion of ammonia has been added. A fine brush, or cheap gold pen, may be used for drawing outlines, which should be made with colors suited to the part of the painting for which they are to be used; the foreground being drawn with bolder lines than those more remote. One of the most difficult things to accomplish in trans- parent painting on glass, perhaps, is to lay on a uniform tint, free from lines or specks; as a clear blue sky with- out clouds. The brush should be well charged with the blue tint, and the color spread or floated upon the glass as evenly as possible, and afterwards equalized by a careful application of the brush dabber : that is a camel- hair brush cut down (as shown in Fig. 25), the edge of which being afterwards passed through a flame so as to remove any straggling hairs. The finger, also, may be used as a dabber, and when used with dexterity, is very effective. To take out the necessary lights, as those of clouds, and to soften the edges, a stump made of leather or paper may be used. In coloring photographs the out- line and shading are provided; so that flat washes of color are to be laid on, and then retouched and improved; avoid covering the deepest shadows, thus destroying their transparency. Breathe on it sufficiently to moisten the colors, and carefully blend and harmonize the tints; commence with the sky, then the middle distance should be worked out, lastly the foreground. As the pictures are necessarily small, a magnifying hand lens, such as is used by artists for fine work, is desirable to assist one in coming close to the lines with washes of color.