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SCIOPTIOON MANUAL. 81 The brushes should be sable, of moderate size, and soft to the touch, and when charged with water, como to a good point without straggling hairs; some prefer a flat brush instead of a round one. It is well to have a sufficient number of brushes, and to use a different one for each tint. A piece of cloth should be used for clean- ing brushes and dabbers, as neatness is very essential to success. An ordinary round-pointed pocket knife will be found useful for removing color. Etching-needles may be used for making minute touches of light, as on spears of grass; winter, snow, spring, and moonlight effects are produced chiefly by the skilful use of the knife and needle-points, to remove the color and produce strong white light in the picture. As pictures vary much in style, it would be difficult to give directions which would apply to all. Beginners should copy well- painted lantern slides at first, as this would guide in the colors to be used. Practice on waste pieces of glass and noting the effect in the lantern, would also prove beneficial and accustom the artist to regulate the tones of the picture in the best manner. "When the picture is finished, it should be protected by a thin transparent varnish, such as photographers use, or a thin coat of Canada balsam. To prevent scratching, a glass, the same size as the picture, should be laid over it; and to prevent injuring from contact, a narrow rim of paper should be interposed between the glasses; they can then be bound or framed. " Aniline colors have been used for photographic views with some success. They are brilliant and transparent, but require careful use to prevent the tints running one into the other.'' Comic slides are often painted in a coarser manner, and oil paints are used. The method is very similar to