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CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AND THE CINEMA interests, and pursuits which are classed as escapist because they enable the individual to escape from facing the real world. But, as it is almost impossible to draw the line between active and 'escapist' pursuits, the term is too wide to have much explanatory significance. There are, however, different levels of interests and pursuits. One girl describes the film Journey Into Fear in the following manner: 'The man was to be in a certain cabin by eight o'clock and stay there until his friend came for him. But when he went into the cabin he found his friend stabbed in the back. When he left the ship he was taken into a car and he expected that he would soon be attacked. Soon he was but he managed to kill two although he was badly knocked about and he made another unconscious.' Her main interest is still the excitement of quickly-moving events, shooting, gangsters and the rest — she sums up by saying 'it was a thrilling story'; the description is still purely in terms of facts, without an attempt at explanation or correlation of the events. Her mental age is obviously below the average — she does not correlate events sufficiently and, amongst other defects, her vocabulary is limited. 'There is a definite correlation between ability of verbal expression and intellectual age' (Murphy and Newcomb). For the retarded adolescent this type of film is definitely bad, since it offers no stimulus to make an effort at perceiving more than appears on the screen as an exciting sequence of events. The events are not related to a fourteen-years-old's experience, but must appear to her as pure phantasy, quite unrelated to reality.
On the other hand, there is the type of film like Bernadette, and This Happy Breed, which does stimulate thought because it is related to the adolescent's experience and needs. In Bernadette, there is the struggle with authority — an aspect not overlooked by any of the three girls who wrote about it. One girl writes: 'Although everyone in authority is against her she does exactly as the vision tells her' — another 'the police do all in their power to stop her'. Other aspects like friendship, patriotism, and many others, are of great interest, and appreciated when shown in a film.
Realism
The reason given most often for liking a film is that it is 'real'; nearly every girl mentions the desirability of realism in films. Some examples are:
'Now that so many purely fantastic films are being made, I was very glad to see a true-to-life film which I thoroughly enjoyed —
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