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CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AND THE CINEMA
that 'Queenie is forgiven by her mother', also 'she is found by the sailor in France, very ragged and dishevelled' — in other words, deviation from the family moral tradition is punished.
The Song of Bernadette is an exception in this respect; the internal nature of acting according to what one regards as right is stressed — but then, Bernadette has the advantage of external aid in the form of 'the Lady'.
Social Relationships
Friendships at adolescence become increasingly important; also, crushes and 'puppy-love' may increase after thirteen and fourteen. 'The meaning of intense love-friendships and crushes for adolescents is not yet entirely clear; they may reflect both the projection of the child's need for affection, and the sublimation of growing emotions that in another culture might have more immediate sexual expression' (Murphy and Newcomb, op. cit., p. 644). The studies of small communities in New Guinea and Samoa made by Margaret Mead show that adolescents do not necessarily have to go through what is regarded in our society as the typical stage of great attachments for older persons. A good illustration of a 'crush' of an eighteen-year-old girl for an older man was given in a recent film, This is the Life. Especially among middle-class girls, the cinema plays an important part by providing heroes — and heroines — who can be worshipped from afar, where the segregation of the sexes in schools provides little opportunity for relationships with members of the opposite sex.
Among our group of girls, it is difficult to judge their attitudes correctly, since we have only their essays to go by for the present. It is, however, obvious that social relationships receive the closest attention; the story of the film is told mainly in terms of the relations of the characters to each other. Scarlett's numerous husbands, who marries whom and why in This Happy Breed, Jane and Rochester in Jane Eyre, are the main themes of the essays. The names of the characters are remembered with astounding accuracy, and since accuracy and persistence of memory depend largely on the degree of emotional intensity which accompanies perception, it is obvious that social relationships and the extent to which such relationships offer scope for identification, a subject already discussed, are the main attraction of the cinema for adolescents.
Friendships are, perhaps, even more important than the more intense relationships, although where the one ends and the other
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