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APPENDIX
A Modern Psychologist on Films1
1 he main difference between the traditional academic psychology and the modern type is the closer relatedness of the latter to everyday life and its varieties and complexities. The psychoanalysis of Freud, and still more the individual-psychology2 of Adler, also mark a change in this respect. But an up-to-date social psychology cannot live up to its task and ideal unless it takes the objects of its research from the kaleidoscopic stage of actual social life. Science, essentially, investigates given phenomena; and only after conclusions have been drawn from this part of research does the possibility present itself, and therefore the task, of applying some of the new knowledge for planned and constructive activity.
The present writer thinks, for instance, that the discussion of films, however briefly, should on no account be ommitted from this small volume on social research and social reform. I know of hardly any other device or cultural institution of the present day that plays so important a part in the mental processes governing the masses as the cinema. People go there not simply to spend their leisure; they obviously go there because they receive something that supplements their life of concrete reality. They go there to
SATISFY THEIR FANTASY A SATISFACTION WHICH IS AN ESSENTIAL
PART OF THE LIFE OF THE INDIVIDUAL.
It is in the main sexual problems and the large field of the struggle for bread, money, and position, that attract people's interest; to a lesser degree they derive satisfaction from a just and happy end of a plot, vindicating the supreme validity of the educational principle: 'Be good and you will be blessed'. The lifelike presentation in the 'movies' appears better fitted to satisfy the
1 From Man and His Fellowmen, by Samuel Lowy, London 1944. I am much indebted to Messrs. Kegan, Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Ltd., for kindly allowing me to reprint this passage from Mr. Lowy's book.
2 The expression, as used by Adler, refers to the unity of the personality in aiming, behaving and producing neurotic character-traits.
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