Sound motion pictures : from the laboratory to their presentation (1929)

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THE COMING OF SOUND 5 was exhibited for several months in 1895 at Raff and Gammons' "Kinetoscope Parlor" in New York, but eventually the exhibition was withdrawn because the public preferred the silent Kinetoscope. No whit daunted, in 1910 Edison used a device consisting of a phonograph on the stage, coupled by a wire-driven belt with the projector in the booth, in an effort to obtain synchronized sound effects with pictures. The entertainment ran for some sixteen weeks in the B. F. Keith theatres, but had no further commercial success. On February 9, 1897, a U. S. patent was granted to George W. Brown providing for the synchronization of a phonograph and motion picture film. In 1 901 Gaumont & Cie secured a French patent providing for the synchronization of a phonograph with a projection machine. In 1902 and 1903 French patents of addition were issued providing for an improvement of a synchronization device, as well as providing for a series of loudspeakers attached to a phonograph by electrical wires, and the patent suggests that the loudspeakers may be moved in back of the screen so as to follow the movements of the players. On July 31, 1899, a patent was issued in Germany to L. A. Berthon, C. F. Dussaud, and G. F. Jaubert for an apparatus in which a projection machine and phonograph are synchronized. In 1903 a German patent was issued to the Messters Projection Company for a device coupling a projector to a phonograph. In 1907 a French patent was issued to Georges Pomarede covering synchronization by means of a flexible driving shaft between projection machine and phonograph. Similar patents were issued in the United States to L. S. Stiles in 1910. The Cameraphone, brought out by Whitman in New York in 1904, may be said to have attained the first real