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254 SOUND MOTION PICTURES
Sound has a psychological effect on the brain. A gentle or moderate sound, such as the ringing of bells, is an agreeable sensation, and so is the gradual augmenting or diminishing of sound. The moaning of the wind sometimes has this characteristic. The fading away of sound is especially pleasing to the sense of hearing. Thus sound may produce an emotional condition. Music may arouse as well as soothe. Bugles may inspire just as thunder may terrify. Through sound we can likewise communicate ideas, express pleasure or pain, and distinguish the voices of men, women, and children. We frequently can mark a distinction between large and small bodies, as in the case of the cries of large or small animals.
A bird's song and a pig's grunt are both sounds, yet one is a beautiful musical tone while the other is an unpleasant noise. The difference is caused by the regularity and irregularity of their vibrations. The screeching of a parrot, the shrill barking of a small dog, the screaming of an infant, provide instances of discordant or unpleasant sounds. We cannot bear them, but when sounds are pleasant their multiplication has an agreeable effect on the ear.
Is it possible to determine the difference between singing and speaking? In either case sounds are produced by the means of a voice box, except in whispering. In both cases, these sounds are produced, in a measure, in the same manner. In both cases there are changes of pitch. In speaking we do not keep the same note, even in the shortest sentence. The voice is raised and lowered as we go along, and much is conveyed by the way in which we do this; so much so that the pitch of the notes we use expresses a great deal. To speak steadily in the same note would be monotonous indeed. In addition we use different loudness in speaking and give varying colour to the voice. We speak to a child in a more tender tone than when we are giving orders, even though we may speak more loudly to the child.