Sponsor (July-Dec 1951)

and will operate with the standard film camera chain for television. SILL IRON or SADDLE IRON Narrow metal strip spanning the opening between the two legs of a practical door or fireplace flat to strengthen it and keep its measurements regular. SIMULCAST (1) A combination AM and TV show. (2) To televise a show at the same time it is being broadcast on radio. SINGLE SYSTEM Sound and picture recorded on the same film at the same time. SITUATION Synonymous with plot, or setting sometimes. Problems to be solved in a story or drama and the various characters' reactions to the situation. SITUATION SHOW To base a whole show or performance on the location or circumstances that exist at the time, such as the Alan Young Show. SLAP BASS Direction to musician to play bass violin by slapping the strings. SLAPSTICK Milton Berle, Jerry Lewis type of TV comedy relying on fast action, mugging, and broad knockabout humor. May frequently embody chases. SLIDE Usually refers to still art work, titles, photographs or film which are picked up or projected upon camera tube. Basically there are two different kinds of slides, transparent or opaque, the size of which varies according to station projection method used. Transparent Slide: also called transparency, meaning light is projected through slide. May be 2" x 2" on a single or double frame of 35 mm. film usually mounted in cardboard or glass. Another size transparent slide is 4" x 3y4" with a V2" masking applied on all four sides, and in this case all lettering and art work should be at least Va" from the edge of the mask on all four sides. Opaque Slide: also called Balop slide or card. Is solid, opaque (you can not see through it) and these are usually 3" x 4", 6" x 8" or any over-all dimension in the ratio of 9 x 12. No masking is required, but all lettering and art work should be at least %" from outside edges on all four sides. Any photographs used in opaques should be dulls, not glossys. Size of letters on opaque slide 9 x 12 should be %" or larger to be received effectively. Opaque slides, lettering, etc. should have a background of Miller gray with poster white and any good black for effective video reproduction. SLIDE WHISTLE or SLOOP WHISTLE Comedy effect used to point up humorous falls or jumps. Has an ascending or descending continuous note. SLOW MOTION The slow movement of objects which are produced by filming more frames per second than are propected per second. ab SMPE Society of Motion Picture Engineers. SNAP (1) Descriptive term defining right proportion of contrast and sharpness in a TV picture. (2) Cue to projectionist to change slides. SNAP SWITCH An instantaneous cut from one camera to another. SNAPPER 1 1 1 An extra incentive to get the TV audience to react or buy a special product. (2) The pay-off of a script. (3) The final line of a comedy routine. SNEAK Very gradual fades of music, light, sound, dissolves, etc., whose beginnings or endings are barely perceptible. SNOW The flickering of small lights and dark particles giving the effect of snow on the picture. SOAP OPERA Serial programs such as One Man's Family, The First One Hundred Years, etc., usually sponsored by soap companies. SOCK IT Also hit it or punch it. To speak a word or line very forcibly. S.O.F. Sound on film. SOFT FOCUS Soft and slightly hazy effect obtained by shooting subject slightly out of focus. See out of focus dissolve. SONG PLUGGER Usually a music publisher's representative who promotes his firm's songs to TV talent, stations, agencies, etc. SOTTO A direction to talent or personnel to speak softly. SOUND Man: Technician who produces, either manually, electronically or by recordings, ingenious and realistic sound effects. Table or jeep: A movable table for sound effect devices to be created in limbo. SOUND DISPLACEMENT Difference in position on film between picture and its accompanying sound. 35 mm. film sound is 20 frames ahead of its picture. 16 mm. is 26 six frames ahead. SOUND TRACK That portion of 16 or 35 mm. film that is devoted to the recording of sound. SOUR 1) Any off-pitch voice or in strument that fails to come up to expectations. (2) A TV show of poor quality in content or talent. SPACE STAGING To plan or place scenes advantageously so that camera and mike coverage can be easily handled in one studio or by a limited number of cameras. SPECIAL EFFECTS Miniatures, diaramas, and various electrical and mechanical devices used to simulate impressive backgrounds, massive titles, etc. Any trick device used to achieve scenic or dramatic effects impossible of actual or full-scale production in the TV studio. SPECIAL EVENTS TV programs of great news interest, usually not regularly scheduled, e.g., sporting events, meetings, parades, Senate crime hearings, MacArthur's arrival, etc. SPECS Short for "specifications," the dimensions and/or cost of set, background, etc. to be used on TV show. SPELL A LINE or SPELL AN ACTION To deliver an action or a line meticulously accenting each movement and/ or enunciating clearly. SPIEL or SPIELER The commercial and the announcers or talent who deliver the commercial. SPILL Light or glare overflowing from one scene or set to another to destroy light balance. SPLAYED Flats, lights, props, etc. set at an acute angle, rather than parallel with the background in a TV set. SPLICE To join together two pieces of film with film cement; also the joint itself. SPEED il) Amount of light transmitted on camera lens. < 2 > Speed film passes through projector; two normal speeds, or 16 frames per second for silent; 24 frames per second for sound film. TV film is usually projected 24 frames per second and electronically upped to 30 frames per second in the TV system. SPLIT FOCUS Adjusting the focus of TV camera midway between two subjects when one is in foreground and other in the rear. Usually done in twoshots to give both subjects equal dramatic value. SPLIT-SCREEN PROCESS Also called split frame. Process used in making a shot of an actor playing a dual role. In films the shot is made in two phases. In the first, part of the frame area is masked, the actor playing his first role in such a position as to register on the exposed portion of the film. In the second, exactly this exposed part is masked, and the actor plays his second role so as to register in the remaining portion, now exposed. The two combined give the desired effect. In TV this effect is usually accomplished with the aid of superimposures, dissolves, overlaps, and mirrors. SPONSOR 1