Sponsor (July-Dec 1954)

TV DICTIONARY HANDBOOK duce the area of pickup, thus deadening the .studio GOBO A he i used to shield i.i Hum lights. Also called a Flag ■,! A' GO-HUNTING Turning a television cameraman loose to find interesting ii a .spontaneous program or other program GOING OFF Script term indicating an actor's lines should be spoken as he moves away from the microphone; going off perspective. GO TO BLACK To dissolve the picture to a blank screen. (See Fade Out, Dissolve.) The television equivalent of lowering the curtain at the end of a scene, sequence or act. GOOSENECK Mike which hangs from a gallows-support for use over tables when the talent is seated. Sometimes called a gallows mike. GRADING Process of adjusting the density of negatives for printing to insure no apparent or disturbing change in the lighting of a scene. GRAY SCALE Achromatic color scale of a 10-step transition from white through grays to black where the intermediate grays differ from each other only through a proportional admixture of white and black. GRAY SCREEN out picture. Iconoscope chain with GREEN SCALE Relatively new color theory that advocates use of five basic green colors for greater eye appeal and definition on screen. GRIEVANCE Problem, claim or dispute handled through channels under contract procedure GRID or GRIDIRON Metal framework close to the studio roof to which are hored drop mikes, backdrops, props, scenery, lights GRIP (DA bandy man about the set, i ouivalent of a stagehand. '2) Studio Or scenic carpenter. GROUND GLASS The glass in the tv camera viewing system on which the picture Is projected for viewing by cameraman. Now obsolete. Now the ima^e is viewed directly from a small kinescope. GROUND ROW Any natural materials or small scenery pieces placed in front of main backgrounds to make a scene more real, or often used to make strip lights. GROUP SHOT Intimate portrayal of three or more persons; also called a Three Shot. GUIDE SHEET Schedule to outline the various routine rehearsals, details of a tv program. GYRO Camera tripods are now fitted with a gyro head and handle to direct it, in place of the old tilting and panning handles. These enable one to point the camera easily in almost any direction. H HALATION Is evidenced as a spurious image that degrades the quality of the intended image because of stray exposing light that has passed once through the emulsion and is reflected back to the emulsion by the clear base of film or other partially reflecting support. Such light rays are usually absorbed by a light absorbing dye located between the emulsion and the base or by a dye incorporated in the base itself. HALF-LAP Control technique by which two pictures in a dissolve or overlap are both held at maximum simultaneous definition (50% each) so that both are visible to viewers. HAM IT Over-act or over-play in any way, or to over-emphasize one's part in a production. HAND PROPS Movable materials of all kinds which are used by actors in their respective roles, or other small items used to dress a set. HARDNESS <1> Excessive contrast in telecast image. <2> Undesirable degree of realism in portraying heavy roles. HASSEL Meaning complete state of flux — everything going wrong. HEAD ROOM Area between the actor's head and the actual top of set. This area is important in relation to the amount of upward camera movement possible without overshooting the sets. HEADS AND TAILS Applied to the beginning and end of any tv film sequence. "Heads" means beginning of sequence; "tails" the end. Used to signify the position of film on a reel. HEAD-UP Term meaning a reel of film wound so the first frame is on the outside of the reel and ready to project. Opposite term is "tails up." HEARTBREAKER A commercial tv audition made on speculation. Usually with little chance of being accepted. HEAVY Professional casting term usually meaning villain. HEROIC Outsize prop, object, set — larger than life. HIATUS The summer period, usually eight weeks, during which a sponsor and or talent may discontinue his program but thereafter resuming his time period or show. HIGH HAT An elevated camera mount for use on table top or other waisthigh object pickups. HIGH KEY Pictures whose tones all lie toward the lighter end of the scale. Low key — picture whose tones are at darker end of scale. Also applies to degree and contrast of lighting on image, set. HIGHLIGHT Emphasizing a subject or scene by special painting or lighting effects to make subject stand out from the rest of the picture. Lighting may be rim lighting, halo effects, silhouettes. HIT or HIT IT A sudden and emphatic attack by music. HITCHHIKE An isolated commercial for a sponsor's secondary product mot advertised in the main body of the show i which is given a free ride after the end of the program proper. HOG CALLING CONTEST A strenuous competitive commercial audition for talent or announcers possessing special qualities, plus a good voice. HOLD IT DOWN Sound command to the engineer at controls or to talent to reduce volume. Lighting command to engineer to reduce intensity of spot. 74 SPONSOR