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Star-dust in Hollywood
escape. Then they chalked all our reels O.K., and we could pack them off. But what d'you think ? The dam* fools had only got the positives, while we sent off the negatives complete
to America."
Harry claimed to be the first who had used the close-up and the vignette. He had invented the fade-out one day by leaning his hand accidentally on the diaphragm regulator as he was turning the camera.
THE CAMERA
Much as the artist stands between the continuity and the visual reality of the pictures, so the camera-man stands between the director and the recorded film. His importance is second only to that of the director himself. As a rule, the director concentrates on the emotion, the acting, and the continuity of the story, and leaves much of the composition and the lighting to the camera-man. Few directors are as careful in their actual pictured work as Von Sternberg or Murnau. Few trouble to see exactly what the camera-man is doing, but trust implicitly to his knowledge. This leads to a duality of control in the making of the pictures that is by no means an advantage to the film as a work of art.
Emotional and dramatic effects depend much on the lighting. A hard, concentrated light on one person forces him forward, increases his importance, and, by a transference of visible qualities to the subconscious, increases the impact of his character ; a quiet or even lighting diminishes importance and softens mood ; contrast intensifies action, darkness
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