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8
wint
November, 1948
by Marx, one which can be attained only by a bloody revolutionary up' heaval of the toiling masses.
This is to be followed, he predicted, by an indefinite period of revolu' tionary transition — during which a dictatorship of the proletariat is in' evitable.
The period of violence will give way to a communistic society in which private property will not be tolerated, except, perhaps, for the purpose of modest personal enjoyment.
Marx did not explain the structure and function of his ideal society in detail, but he emphatically asserted it would be a 100 per cent planned economy, with the entire process of production and distribution regulated by the community. It would mean the exclusion of private enterprise, the end of a free market, competi' tion and the fluctuation of price system.
The Marx economic system would be totalitarian, regulated internationally by a world state. The whole ''bourgeois conception" of a nation would disappear. There would be only different language groups united in fraternal cooperation, perfectly homogeneous in interest, culture and aspiration.
OUR BACK COVER is the Acropolis at Athens, the first home of democracy. (Kodachrome courtesy of Trans World Airlines. )
These, then, are the theories of Karl Marx. They are not realistic. The theory of labor value does not consider the labor of scholars and inventors nor the laws of supply and demand. The conception of totalitarian planning is another distortion of reaHty, since a system of pure laissez faire has been proved unworkable, and every capitalist state has regulations to curb extreme wealth and extreme poverty.
One hundred per cent compulsory planning means slavery. Every individual must be put in the right place and compelled to do certain things according to the central plan. There is no place for the decisions of free men. Glorification of the proletarian class disregards the existence of other categories of workers, and in the state Marx outlined, those others would be crushed.
Communism as we know it in Russia today had its beginning with the birth of Bolshevism in 1903. For a long time it was a mere trend. The Russian Bolshevik leaders lived abroad, like Lenin and Trotsky; or, like Stalin and Bucharin, were banned to Siberia. These men were enemies of the faction that tried to find a place in in