The talkies (1930)

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THE TALKIES 103 in addition to the more regular development it gives, it is possible to treat such huge lengths of film at such an enormous speed. The coming of the sound-track, however, made it absolutely essential that machines should be used for various reasons. Absolute regularity of development is highly important for the sound-track, and the old methods were not by any means blameless in this respect. One of the troubles of developing soundtrack by the rack and tank methods was that, unless the developer was kept in perfectly regular motion, the solution tended to become weakened by the denser streaks on the track, which took more out of the solution, and this weakened developer consequently under-developed the adjacent more lightly exposed portions of the emulsion. This gave rise to incorrect contrasts in the track. The great enemy of sound-track is the danger of stains on the film. Stains, which may not be visible to the eye at all, may have the effect of almost entirely cutting off the useful rays of light from the sensitive photo-cell, which is particularly fussy about the colour of the light that falls upon it. Stains, however faint, especially of yellow, are sufficient to render the cell inoperative or cause a