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TALKING MOVIES
satisfactory in that it did not give sufficient light and could not be modulated correctly.
In the Movietone system, the picture and sound are taken in the same camera. The sound is applied to the film at the point where the film is in contact with the feed sprocket. In this camera, precision gears have been installed between the shutter shaft and the sprocket shaft. The sprocket itself has been cut to an accuracy of better than .0001" in eccentricity. With this precision working, it is possible to obtain the uniform velocity of film necessary for accurate recording. The sound is applied to the film at a point adjacent to the sprocket holes and cutting of approximately 1/10" from the picture. The sound is printed at this point through a slit or aperture 1/10" long and .0008 /10" wide.
The design of the sound aperture or slit is one of the big factors in the success of this system. Previously the sound has been recorded through slits formed by metal jaws. In this case trouble was experienced with the slits filling up with dust and dirt. Further, it was impossible to machine the slits sufficiently accurate to obtain good recording, even though the film was held in intimate contact with the slit. In the Movietone system the slit is produced by ruling an aperture on a piece of silvered quartz. A cover glass is then cemented to this quartz piece and this cover glass polished down to approximately 1000th of an inch in thickness. Under these conditions the film is not touching the slit, but due to the lense effect of the quartz, practically no spread in the light is experienced. The cover glass of course, solves the problem of the aperture becoming closed due to dirt or dust.
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