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196 TRICK AND LIGHT EFFECTS in the nature of the silver deposit. Here the high Hghts are clear, or nearly so, and the parts formerly black are now of the color desired. Toning is more expensive than tinting, and is less seldom used. 7. Where a light effect merely consists in staining the film, the memorandum merely states the tint or the fact. You do not say that you wish the film tinted for moonlight. You write "moonlight" and the director will know. The directions most generally used are: Garden (Xight). Lawn (Moonlight). Parlor (Lamplight). Den (Firelight). Bedroom (red) Flame and smoke seen outside window. Sometimes but half of the scene is firelight or lamplight. In such a case the film is cut through and the two halves are separately han- dled. Perhaps a lamp is brought into a room previously flooded with moonlight. Here the first part of the film will be stained blue and the remainder yellow. 8. Where effects are more intricate there is necessity for a more explicit direction, though even here the effect required and not the means of obtaining that effect should be given. They may be written along these lines: 21. Parlor as in No. jo —Lights down—George enters—gropes his way to switch—lights on—&c. 44. Kitchen —Lights down—Jen enters with candle—lights on—&c. 36. Library —Body of Boardman on floor—Agnes enters—goes to window—throws open—moonlight streams in—illuminates Board- man's body—&c. 36. Dressing room —Bess puts on hat and coat—gives a last look around—puts out light— (lights doivn) i6. Dressing room —Bess puts on hat—looks about—puts out light— (lights dozvn) goes to door—opens—she starts back—figure of Hicks outlined against the light outside. 55. Library —Mary sitting by fire which illuminates her figure—rest of room dark—Jim enters—goes to Mary—kneels beside her—&c. 29. Dining room —Circle of light seen in hall outside—Spike enters —stands in doorway—throws beam of light about room—it falls on loving cup on sideboard—he goes to it—&c. With these scenes as a guide you should be able to describe any light effect simply and understandably. With the exception of the second dressing room scene these are all simple and may be obtained with- out any very great trouble. 9. Trick effects through the use of scenery are varied. Perhaps the most familiar is the breakaway. This is the scene built to be broken down during the action of the play. It may be that the action shows the interior of a warehouse during a military engagement. A