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GLOSSARY 361 DEVELOPMENT, of Plot—The elaboration of the plot idea into its complete action (XXIV :2). DIRECTOR—One who produces photoplays ; directing the prepara- tion and acting of the story (V-1). sheet —A brief memorandum of the action sometimes pre- pared by the director for his personal use. DISSOLVE—The gradual blending of one scene into the succeeding action (XLII-5). The gradual introduction, withdrawal or replacement of one person or object by another by means of diaphragming (XLII-9). DOUBLE exposure —The exposure of a negative film two or more times whereby two or more images are recorded on the same surface, or the passage of the negative film through the camera two or more times, exposing a part of the film only at each passage (XL-21). printing —The exposure of positive film behind two or more negatives before development to obtain a composite of the va- rious negatives (XL-22). DOWN STAGE—That part of the stage nearest the camera. DRAMA—A general term for all performances of the stage. In photoplay, a story with a serious motive (L-1). DUPE—A pirated print of a film. Made by passing a genuine posi- tive print through a printer in company with negative film whereby an imperfect duplicate of the negative is obtained from which prints are made. These are much inferior in photographic quality to original prints. EDITOR of aim —A cutting man. A person who assembles the com- ponents of a story for public presentation by taking from or adding to the original negative (VI-2). of plays —A person employed to select subjects for film pro- duction and to get them into proper shape for the director's use (II-2). EDUCATIONAL—Film possessing an informative as well as some entertaining value. ESTABLISHMENT of fact—The clear announcement of fact (XLV-1). of a player —Making known the identity of a player or mak- ing it known that a player is in a certain place at a given time (XLV-6). EXTERIOR—A scene in which the action is supposed to take place out of doors (XXX-2). EXTRAS—Players listed by a studio, but not regularly employed. They are paid only for the days on which they work (V-4). FACTOR—One of the facts which, in combination, comprise the plot (XLIII-4). FADE in —The gradual appearance of a scene from the dark screen (XLII-3). out —The gradual diminution of a scene to blackness (XLII-3). vision. See VISION. FARCE—A broad form of comedy in which exact probability is sub- ordinated to the creation of comedy incident and situation (LVII-1). comedy —A play not so broad as farce, yet partaking of its nature. A merging of farce with comedy. FLASH—A short length of film, generally from three to five feet. It may be either action or insert (XXXIX-2). back. Same as CUT-BACK, which see.