Theory of the film : (character and growth of a new art) (1952)

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CHAPTER TEN EDITING I dislike this word and think the French expression 'montage' far more adequate and expressive, for it means 'assembly' and that is really what happens in editing. The shots are assembled by the editor in a pre-determined order, in such a way as to produce by the very sequence of frames a certain intended effect, much as the fitter assembles the parts of a machine so as to turn these disjointed parts into a powerproducing, work-performing machine. The most expressive set-up is not enough to bring on to the screen every significance of the object. This can be achieved in the last instance only by the combination of shots, their assembly in sequence, their fitting into the unity of a higher organism. The last process in creative film-making is the crowning job of editing. The meaning of a coloured patch in a painting can be gathered only from the contemplation of the picture as a whole. The meaning of a single note in a tune, the meaning of a single word in a sentence manifests itself only through the whole. The same applies to the position and role of the single shot in the totality of the film. The single shots are saturated with the tension of a latent meaning which is released like an electric spark when the next shot is joined to it. Of course a shot can have a meaning and significance in itself even without being joined to another. A smile is a smile, even if seen in an isolated shot. But what this smile refers to, what has evoked it, what is its effect and dramatic significance — all this can emerge only from the preceding and following shots. 118