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172 PROBLEMS OF STYLE IN THE FILM
Yes, it is a new form of human consciousness that was born out of the union of man and camera. For as long as these men do not lose consciousness, their eye looks through the lens and reports and renders conscious their situation. The ice crushes their ship and with it their last hope? They shoot. The ice-floe melts under their feet? They shoot. They shoot the fact that there is scarcely room left for them to set up the camera.
Like the captain on his bridge, like the wireless operator at his set, the cameraman remains at his post to the last instant. The internal processes of presence of mind and observation are here projected outwards into the bodily action of operating the camera. The operator sees clearly and calmly as long as he is shooting in this way; it is this that helps him mechanically to preserve his consciousness, which in other circumstances consists of a sequence of images in the mind. But now it is projected outwards and runs in the camera as a strip of film, which is of advantage because the camera has no nerves and therefore is not easily perturbed. The psychological process is inverted — the cameraman does not shoot as long as he is conscious — he is conscious as long as he is shooting.
NATURE FILMS
When a film depicts human actions, it can always be confronted with a constructed or imagined or stage-managed scene. If pictures of actual happenings are shown on the screen, the spectators must be informed of this in advance if they are to accept them as such; for in pictures depicting human beings there is nothing that could serve as authentic proof of the fact that what is seen on the screen is not a picture of some artificially stage-managed scene. The technique of the film can make such constructed, stage-managed artificial pictures so deceivingly like reality that a picture of the most objective reality oilers no guarantees of not having been staged in a studio.
Only pictures of nature without men bear the convincing stamp of unquestionable, authentic reality. Plants and animals