Third Dimension Movies And E X P A N D E D Screen (1953)

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THREE-DIMENSIONAL MOTION PICTURES 137 the diffusion circles at the center of the image for the visible spectrum are about 0.004 to 0.01 millimeter. Let ters 0.05 millimeter high on the film are quite legible and sharp. On the other hand, at a semiangular field of 8 or 10 degrees and for this focal length., the diffusion circles are about 0.04 millimeter or more. It has been shown that it is not possible to take, nor is it feasible to project, wide 4 screen pictures under con ditions that will result in images half as good as those now obtained. On the other hand, wide screen pictures of a quality comparable with the present standard pic tures may be obtained by using an anamorphoser. The simplicity of this method of projecting wide screen pic tures hardly needs to be elaborated upon. One further advantage of the anamorphoser should, however, be mentioned. This is an optical advantage, increasing the depth of focus, and hence the general sharpness of the images, over and above that of ordinary pictures. A cylindrical anamorphosing system magnifying 50 per cent in one meridian increases the depth of focus in that meridian by 100 per cent. If the anamorphoser be focused for a given object distance, then the interaction of the two elements of the anamorphoser on light com ing from points nearer and further away is such as to approximate the corresponding camera lens images and bring them nearer the image plane for the mean focus. The amount they are moved toward this plane is exactly one-half the focusing difference for the camera lens. For reasons associated with the nature of image formation in the eye, the effect of natural diagonal astig matism, the apparent gain in depth of focus is practi cally equivalent to these figures. In fact, all who have studied anamorphosed wide screen pictures have noticed this effect. Similarly, for physiological reasons, the ex pansion in one meridian only does not increase the