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tator is concerned, the projection speed may be zero, for he sees a still, anyway.
A standard of projection speed, it is perfectly obvious, must depend, in general, on the average angular speed by the lens of subjects photographed; and this angular speed by the lens will depend on the length of exposure and on the standard of definition — circle of confusion — which, like the house that Jack built, will depend on one of the limits of our supreme standard— TA^ Picture on the Screen.
Set a standard for the picture on the screen, and the precision limits of all your important standards are determined.
For some of the defining terms of our standard picture on the screen, it would seem necessary to consult individual opinion, but fortunately, for a few only.
From an extended statistical study it may be possible to ascertain to the satisfaction of the majority, the most important factor of all. The position of the standard spectator in relation to the screen. And our standard picture on the screen must be defined for the satisfaction of our standard spectator. For instance, it is more important that we know the angle subtended by the picture at the eye of the standard spectator, than that we know the size of the picture in feet, or even in projection aperture diameters, or the angle subtended by the picture at the projection objective; for whether or not lack of precision anywhere in the system will be apparent — not on the screen — but to the standard spectator, will depend in the main, on the angle of the spectator's view subtended by the picture on the screen. A moment's consideration will show that the same limits hold whatever the spectator's angular view of the screen picture is the same. This is to say that the same percentage change will produce the same effect where the picture is small and the spectator near, or the picture large and the spectator at a distance, so long as the picture occupies the same fraction of the spectator's field of view. And this will hold for any factor when the other factors are a constant.
Therefore, in order to build up a system of standards for the Motion Picture industry which shall be concordant, we must define and limit our standards, however they may be determined, in terms of precision measure — a percentage allowable variation. And to determine this all-important precision measure for any standard, we must refer to the picture on the screen as viewed by a standard spectator.