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greater percentage of the light emitted by the source will be projected to the screen with the small condensers than for the large ; the maximum gain obtained is of the order of 50-60 percent. But the smaller source-condenser spacing permissible for the small condensers limits the wattage and light output of the lamp so that the light output obtainable for the smaller lamps is only about oneseventh that received from the largest sizes, and several times as nmch light can therefore be projected with the large condenser systems.
Mr. Victor : Dr. Story was good enough to imply a wish on my part to see an actual screen test. It looks to me as if it is not a matter of quantity but of quality when we talk about the screen. You may say that a singer has a voice whose volume is satisfactory, but I certainly would prefer quality of voice. The same way with a screen image. It is not a question of laboratory photometric tests when we want to see a motion picture, because we are not using that to see a picture. A picture in which too many aberrations occur in the light, focus and diffusion, would not be worth anything; you couldn't use it. It is a quality matter, after all, as far as I see it. I don't ask to see it on the screen ; I accept other people's word for it. But it is a question of quality plus illumination, and all our tests should be based upon that idea.
Mr. Jenkins : In all these discussions and in this gathering of data, I take it that the other element, which is a very serious one — certainly one that should be given consideration in actual projection, and probably just what Mr. Victor had in mind — is the shutter and its location. I believe on all the machines, and we are stilll confined to shutter machines, all our shutters on all machines now in use are located beyond the objective towards the screen. Now, if you use a larger objective in order to get more gathering power at the aperture plate and use a larger source in order to get more light, immediately there is trouble with the present size of shutter — because it does cut down the light, with the larger objective you vise. So that I quite agree with Mr. Victor that I should have been more edified, perhaps, if we had these tests that you gentlemen are so laboriously preparing for us, put through a common motion picture set-up. A shutter has a certain function. The only function it has is to throw away the light, and absolutely no other function. Now, how are we going to minimize that loss except by making the rotating disc larger; that is, to use a shutter of larger diameter. That is the ideal plan, but the large shutter is a nuisance. Eaclf succeeding machine I have ever designed has had still larger shutters because of the saving factor of the large radius as it cuts across these big lenses. So that I should have been happy indeed if some data that takes into consideration that further factor, the shutter out in front of the lens, could have been given us. I don't know whether that is an invitation to Dr. Story to get busy and do it all over again, but really until we get that, a great deal of what you gentlemen have done is left to us to juggle with as best we may in order lO get a machine that will still further approach the ideal that you
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