Transactions of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers (1925)

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90 Transactions of S.M.P.E., March 1926 the harshness of the Ught? Another objection to the high intensity and to the ordinary arc is condenser pitting and breakage. I have thought it was possible to air cool the condenser by a blast of air over the condenser lens, and I have brought the matter to the attention of the Nicholas Power Company and suggested that tests be made. I also have often wondered if it were not entirely possible to eliminate all fire hazard by a blast of air in front of the film. Dr. Hickman: What constitutes a high intensity arc? If one takes an ordinary, plain carbon arc and increases the current four of five times, the crater area spreads four or five times without altering the intrinsic brilliancy. What is the mysterious thing in the high intensity arc which makes the four amperes sit contentedly in the space occupied by one before? Then, I notice that cerium chloride and the rare earth fluorides were mentioned as being the light source. A spectrum photograph shows a gaseous emission and not the ordinary black body radiation. In incandescent mantle manufacture they are selected because of the emission in the solid state. I should like to know why they are chosen in gaseous emission. When the cerium fluoride volatilizes in air at high temperatures, the fluorine is driven off, and the brown oxides tumble down. Carbons are consumed at the rate of 10 inches an hour. The fluorine from this must act on the operator at some time or other. What is the effect of increasing the voltage across the gap to allow a greater flux of light. I should like to say to Mr. Richardson that when I was in Hamburg I saw a means of cooling the gate with a blast of air on it and know that it was very satisfactory. Mr. Little: The curves would appear sufficiently close to black body radiation characteristics in order to express them in terms of approximate color temperature. Could Mr. Benford so express them in the manuscript before it is sent to the publisher? Mr. Stark: Answering Mr. Richardson's question, in motion picture projection it is possible to overcome the harsh ''high intensity" tone by the use of suitable filters. As a matter of fact, it is becoming an almost universal practice to tint positive film — usually yellow or amber — so that the blue light of the high intensity carbon arc is appreciably cut down to a semblance of white light. Another method, more precise and more efficient, was presented to the Society by Dr. Kellner at the Ottawa meeting of 1923, in a