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A PNEUMATIC FILM SQUEEGEE
J. I. Ckabtree and C. E. Ives*
IT IS very necessary to remove all excess moisture from motion picture film after washing and before drying in order to prevent the possible formation of markings during drying.^ This is especially true if the gelatin coating of the film is abnormally swollen, which condition may exist in warm weather if the processing solutions are not kept at normal temperatures or if the film is insufficiently hardened either before or during fixation.
When developing motion picture film by the rack system it is customary to wipe the film with absorbent cotton, chamois, or sponge during transference to the drying reel,^ but this involves the expenditure of a considerable amoufit of labor and the gelatin coating of the film is liable to be scratched unless great care is exercised in the wiping process.
The most satisfactory method of removing excess moisture from the film after washing is to impinge a blast of air on both sides of the film. Pneumatic squeegees for accomplishing this are in general use on processing machines but they have not been adopted by laboratories using the rack and tank system of development, owing to the non-adaptability of the conventional squeegee for this purpose.
A simple air squeegee having a single pair of air nozzles was first constructed and this produced good results but it did not permit of loading the film on the drying reels sufficiently rapidly. The apparatus was modified by adding a second pair of nozzles working at right angles to the first set and at a distance of about 6 inches away which permitted the film to travel at twice the speed.
A plan of the apparatus is shown in Fig. 1. The wet film first passes over a short wiping table T over which a wad of wetted absorbent cotton wrapped around the film is held so as to loosen any dirt adhering to the film. After passing over the idler roller i^i the film passes between the first pair of air nozzles iVi, over roller R2 and between the second pair of nozzles N2 and then over roller i^3 to the drying reel. Rollers Ri, R2, and 7^3 are necessary in order to keep the film taut between the nozzles, otherwise any variation in the air pressure on the two sides causes the film to vibrate so that there is danger of the gelatin coating touching the nozzles which would
* Research Laboratory, Eastman Kodak Company.
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