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632 Transactions of S.M.P.E., Vol XI, No. 32, 1927
this type were neat appearing, machine-made laboratory sphces. These were obviously the original splices made in assembhng the print. It is a fact that most of the laboratory splices in the general run of film are good splices, but there are far too many of them that are not reliable.
Here is a situation which can be largely remedied if those who are in a position to do the job will only do it. There is no technical problem involved in the process of making a good splice, and the method is neither a difficult nor complicated one.
With a good splicing machine and with suitable cement, both of which are available on the market, and by using due care and proper methods, it is no more expensive or difficult to make a reliable splice that will have a long useful life than it is to make one that will be a potential cause of trouble until removed or remade.
It is noteworthy that trouble of this nature in the film which we receive has been virtually eliminated by one of the larger producers, and if the problem has been satisfactorily solved in this quarter, there seems no good reason to believe that it cannot be in the others.
Intermittent Movement of Film Must he Accurate Troubles of a more technical nature, which are of recent development, and which concern the position in which the film frames seat at the film aperture, are giving many projectionists, and probably some who are not projectionists, considerable food for thought.
The placing in rapid succession of many thousands of film images at the aperture during the projection of a picture is a precise job. The mechanical process of doing this must be pretty nearly right and so, likewise, must be the film. Each successive frame of .film must be brought to an abrupt stop at the aperture in virtually the same position occupied by all the preceding frames. The permissible tolerance for displacement of any frame or series of frames from this common position is very slight if projection faults of a certain nature are to be avoided.
Tension applied along the film tracks on the projector operates to maintain the frame of film in a flat plane at the aperture. Opposed to this tension is a tendency for the film to flex in the direction of the light source and assume a sort of "cupped" position while motionless in the light ray. The amount of bulge that will occur will depend upon certain characteristics of the film stock, the amount of heat incident on the film, and the photographic density of the film image.