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Fine-Grain Developers — Carlton and Crahtree 427
Within the useful life of the developer, the time of development required to produce a given degree of development increases from 25 per cent to 50 per cent.
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FRESH B0t2AX DEVELOPER
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AFTER PROCESSING 80 FT. PER GALLON
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END OF USEFUL LIFE flfeO FT. PER GALLON)
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EXHAUSTED DEVELOPER
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Figure 6. Characteristic H. & D. Curves for Fifteen Minutes Development made at Critical Points in the life of a Tank of Borax Developer. (Eack and Tank Method at 65 oF.) '
(Eastman Negative Panchromatic Motion Picture Film, Type 2).
The shape of the time-gamma curve is not changed by the use of the borax developer. A series of time-gamma curves corresponding to those in Fig. 2 was made with a developer in which 60 feet of film had been processed per gallon. The gam.ma values were lower because of the partial exhaustion of the developer but the curves had the same shape as those obtained with a fresh developer.
3. Effect of Use on the Emulsion Speed. It is well known that the accumulation of alkaline bromides and iodides and developer oxidation products in a developer has the same effect as reducing the speed of emulsion. ^^ The extent to which an exhausted borax developer reduces emulsion speed was determined by plotting H. & D. curves throughout the useful life of the developer and with the spent developer after it was exhausted. The H. & D. curves obtained by developing for 15 minutes in fresh and exhausted developers are shown in Fig. 6. Curve A was made at the start and curve B after