Society of Motion Picture Engineers : incorporation and by-laws (1919)

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Light bent too sharply as in the case oi the ray aifk is not useful nor would light such as d-g-m collected by an extra ring or reflector outside the condenser serve any useful purpose. Such light, while striking the film, would unnecessarily heat it, and, entirely missing the objective, would never reach the screen. Thus is determined the proper proportion between condenser and objective. POSITION OF THE SHUTTER There has been considerable discussion as to the proper position of the shutter. When the shutter is located in front of the •objective (outside shutter) it is desirable to place it in the narrowest part of the beam. With the arc lamp as an illuminant, there is a restriction in the beam at the position of the condenser image, similar to C in Fig. 4 and this is the preferable position for the Fig. 9 — Apparatus used in testing condensers. This shows the lamp, reflector, condenser, aperture, large objective, and screen placed at the aerial image of the condenser. The dark rings shown in this image do not appear on a screen placed at the usual distance for viewing the pictures. shutter. With the incandescent lamp, however, owing to the closeness of the condenser to the objective, its image is larger than the objective, and the narrowest part of the beam is immediately in front of the objective. This is also illustrated in Fig. 3 where the extreme edge rays of light diverge from the objective as does the lower ray in the illustration. 69