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of objectionable noise. Theatres should be equipped with sufficient direct radiation to maintain a temperature of 70° F. under extreme weather conditions. This is recommended so the temperature in the theatre may be kept above the freezing point at night after closing hours, without operating the fan apparatus. The steam coils used in connection with the fan should only be sufficient to raise the temperature of the air used for ventilation to a temperature of approximately 75° F. under extreme weather conditions. The air washer must be of sufficient capacity to cleanse thoroughly the air, remove dust, soot and other foreign substances, and at the same time partly saturate the air with moisture at a temperature of approximately 42° F. Sufficient steam coils must be placed at the inlet of air washer to raise the temperature of entering air to about 39° to prevent the temperature in the spray chamber ever dropping below this temperature, and thus eliminating the possibility of the spray chamber freezing up. The air after passing through the washer is drawn through the fan, and is discharged over the steam coils, heating it to the temperature of about 75° F. at which it is delivered into the building. The ducts must be of ample capacity to transmit the air to the various portions of the building at a comparatively low velocity to prevent objectionable drafts and noises.
There are two well-known methods of introducing the air into a theatre ; first, the mushroom system, and second, the overhead system. With the mushroom system the air is introduced through a large number of small cast iron ventilators placed underneath the seats, there being a plenum chamber immediately below the floor, usually constructed of concrete. These mushrooms must be sufficient in number to keep the velocity down not to exceed 500 feet per minute, and it usually requires one under every other seat in each row. The peculiar shape of these outlets, which resembles the mushroom, gives the system its name. This system is more expensive to install and can rarely ever be adapted to existing buildings without considerable remodeling, and hence, to be used to advantage, should be specified when the building is erected. The big advantage of this system is, that there is a continuous movement of air from the floor to the ceiling from which it is exhausted outside the building by means of large ventilators or an exhaust fan. This immediately removes all bodily heat and exhalations, and the air in the breathing zone is always pure and fresh.
The second method of introducing the air into a theatre is by far the more common and is readily adaptable to an existing building. By this method the air is introduced through ducts placed in the side walls usually built into hollow pilasters and the outlets are placed about 8 ft. above the floor. These outlets are covered with grills and can be made to harmonize with any existing schemes of interior decorations.
The mushroom system is in my opinion the more desirable. It insures uniform ventilation throughout the building without the possibility of objectionable drafts, while in the case of the over
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