Variety (Jan 1946)

6ft PICTURES Fortieth p^jASRIEHTY Anniversary Wg«lnc8«Iiiy., January 9, 194<», 'Dressing the Show' a $20,000,000 Industry; Costumers Nip War Snags An xindcrsiicd guy with dwarf ! like Irss approached' the third-floor I .ttacl< coui)tcV!,^t Eaves .Co^tinine C ! right off BrCiad way; and rnadc" wlvat to a layman wiis an iiitcreptins rc i Ciue*<t. Cinilci they fit him : \vitli. a ; diaper oo^';t^tl'^o'' He' was to. play the sy)ijbol otilhe .New Year on a telc^, vision broadcast. An iitt?nda»'t P't'H-d ottt', a roil, of white cloth. Then: the . ShiCiHis". . : There ,was~ the piiiT. of a machine, iir. a. ,o;ack room. . In five ■ minule.s (lie dwarf Was rcad\ to help usher , in the. New tGar. . ,,$hcalriea,r;cd«tviri)ing isn't,; als^'a.ys By N.AT K\HN thro'w,it',b.v:,'.'!oei,alile,s ran; into,: thbiw ..^ands of, dbllars ! for ico^tunves alone,, e.specially tho.<e old Bcaiuv Arts balls, Cornelius. Vandcrbill wa!> kncNteri-. "Itb ; h a ve .speii t SD.fjOO for ;a coStiiiTie Nyorn . ,lsy him ff>r only one night al.ii party., he ga\o in N'ewpprt 30-pdd years ago. . Scott, Bacall, de Carlo : Conliniied Xrom page J ijhd WUpwed' tlvis appea as star in Sanie (Company's "Fronlier Gal." niendou.s .stock department aaout 20 She is a controver.Mal figure, but <hows daily of that type, throughout '1"'-'' n^'i.-'K'^ri I" """^ out a star the countrv. durmg discusMons. Thuo are a host of incidental Few sea.^on.s .n the pa.a have Item.. Ns.ihin Ihe costumu,? field 1 ^•""P'^e^ ri..e of ..o manV new and that to ihe l.ivman are .soeminsly ! P''°"V-'""S -stars. Up the ha.d way, uMunpoitant. but they have their I overn<Rhl ,e!e.n...ciit. of valiie to the cxactihg pro little difTei-ence. rt made Point i.s, the numr Shots have to he niade. ber of new .stellar names is large dili;,er. certain ,\va.v, ....„ ..v.,, , , , .. .... . are I. Miller and La IMy a.s the | ^■''<^" '"^"'^'"'J indie producers I were screaming for npw faces. ,md of course, there '"^Pre'csne, and thi.s m a year 5 ; as:^ijmpte aK-ari that. ;Wh,en the com ceiitu:i> gave>a;paHy :iit-^,W^^ One of the fantastic, .stories of hpn ,, . ,, . . .. . , ii«<Tt'ri';-.i .•r,<>i.in-in» 1. th'it In' <,»hjnh .■«ti»nfliv-.i»art»ias;tttK}lts-.»r;thc«tr»eal , . . , . _ . Ch i^e U i^' n v"o^^ of h t"«>l^vtar. Hosiery used to be a par Joan Caulfield was lifted by Para old Ixnc^eiboce^ Tn^^tS w "''"I'-'-'y i"iPonant (tern, but u ith mount out of Ihe unknown for old IxuKkeibockti riust Co wa.s a ^^^^ UMume i femme lead «ppo..ile Bing Crosby m principai: Biarhey jii. sucst portrayed a character m touig XV mural., ;The.re' were the ■.■ianie number of guesUs at the party, as ,,, ther'e, were in the', painting. Dazian's .supplied , Ihe' co.stumes arid each, .nuest had. at Barney's expense, his measurements taken at the cOs plexitie.s ol the industry are delved into there seerningly can be no niore vast field \vtthin show busines.s than "drcssins , the show." It's a field whose gross volume of bu'sincss -mcludlna les it, motion pictures, lutcrics, circuses, ice shoW.s, plus the hunareds of non-professional orama turner s for the one-time afi'air teur thcatrical.s.^is estimated to run as high as !^20,000,000 annually. 'One of the phenomena of show busiiip.>.s has been the, surv.ival ■ of ,the co-'^tuiiiing industry during . the war ycar^ malenals. But, somehow, costumers like Brooks. Eaves and 'Western, and siipplici\s like Dazian's, Maharam's j "Junior Atiss," and Martha Stewart, too. Nancy Guild was handed one' of top roles in "Soinewhere in the Night,'' fresh from ■ University olArizona, and Jane Nigh drew e.\. cellent role in "Dragtmv.yck. " Frank LatiiTipre is another .showing promise, so, too, Bert Hicks, Glenn Langan and Marjorie lleiishaw. ■Warners fared nicely with such new players as Joan Zoning' in "The CornIs Green. ' and Pegi-y "kiukL^ou in "Never Say Goodbye." Others on Valley lot are Tom D'Andiea, Don McGuire, Dick Erdniaii and Wanda Hendrix. latter a Hi-vear-old. Columbia found a talented new^ comer in Adele .lergens, m ' A Thousand and Olio Nighl.s." and Loren Tindall displayed comedy talent m "Over 21.;' Jini Bannon fionv radio .scored, and so did Dusty llender.son. Jimmy Lloyd, Coulter Irwin. Marc FI>K as a Roman General -Seyeral years ijefdre his death ' Franklin' Delano Rposevelt himself , was costumed for a private party, by ■ ^ , And have .vou heard of "G-Slring bdcaiise of "the dearth :of lEavcs. at th6 White, H.ouse. ,The late Betty"'.' That would be Betty Meyers, 'President was ,, attired as , a : Ronian. who used tb, bo h general, ... , ■ ; cialty. riancei\'' a.^^Vsir^^^ Of the producers in the commer : now she's Mhe "((ueCn" of the" G* and' Gladstone, have weathered the ' Zjegfcld was probably (he 'strings. Miss Meyers, a frail little srorm, along with the many others • exacting — and, at the same woman, makes G-strin.g.s for the out who are in "the business of outfitting ' ''"i^ probably the mo.st wasteful He standing strippers in burlesciue. performers— those who supply shoes, '.^"'^^ '""'^ " ^'^"'■'y ^° '^<''"'"'' °' » Gypsy Rose Lee and Margie Itart hcsiciv. nidslcs and all the other mul Pi'i^s.sed butterfly; Damans was asked , have extolled her art becau.se of the epidtn-njls, and leg.s, too, there came j "Blu,e Skies,", She distinguished hera decline hr ,ihe , use '0^ 'theatric^d self s cieVCrly ' in: . tiiis niusical, ho.se. It s estimated thai there's been i dancing with Fred Aslaire, singing a loss of about $200,000 yearly to the j with Der Bingle, that .studio in-itantly hose manufacturers because of the ; cast her foi fiob Hope'.s leading lady gradual elimination of the stocking I in '■■Monsieur Beaucaire." She is a on sta,!;o. And there are such items I star already, and public not yet has i Piatt and RoK.s Hunter aie other,", us leathers, masks, tights, wisfs, all I viewed her on .screen. | Paramounfs Mona Freeman is mae'e by experts m their line. .And ! Lucille Bremer is another who j Soing places, and .-o is Billy de other Items, a.v the .saying goes, "too developed mto a .star almost over .Wolfe, Ihe comic. Byron Barr is annumcrous lo men'tion. " | night. Aftei a comparatively small j other talented neweomor. and studio role in Metro's —Meet Me in St. I has faith and hopes, fpr Bob Gordon^ Louis;" iihe drew (op role opposite l ^^S'^'y Bill EdwMds. vatjd Fred Aslaire in "Yolanda and the •Dol-dthy Cai'tijr. Thief," ; and .'n6:\y : is , on h^r way, %f> stellar proiflintnce. Warners had ihrcie new. male .star.s on i ts h a nds a ((.e r as ni a ny ' "first" pictures for Robert Alda, Zachai'y "OrStrinR Bcttv" tiple lesser supplies; "lesser," that is, in the telling, but : certainly not \so when adhering to the law of supply and demand. ' , ' , ■The industry lias ha,d' to do .witKout basic material like white wool gabardine, for, instance,' and costume jewelry, but it's managed to come up with acetate materials and crocheted jewelry, which have been equally eft'ective visually. Audiences have certainly not suffered any from the manifold problems of a phase of the to .secuie certain fabrics with colors ; e.vpert way .she dovetails the snugly ■ to match ' iiiggy once i-'a-w' a bit bi , gold; 'cloth' in , an oi-namciil; a, .set ,'of the maievfal had to be .secured foi" ,lvim by Daxian's at what Emil Friedlander,the head of the firm, recalls as costing Ziggy about $200' per yard, for 100 yards. Friedlander was able to locale the cloth near London. It was 18 karat .c-old. , Ziggy's waste? He would occ^ionally throw out. expensive' costumes amusement industry that Was hit at f>ow .because of a sudden 1...,.;* v..,,.,i u... ,.u_..:..,_..., , change of mind. least as hard by war shortages as i any business. Tabulous Costs bulou-s A single costume for a Zie,gfeld "Follies" comprised $1,000 worlh ol finely polished rhine.stones, which i fitting "pad" .and/ ;the ta,.ssels. The, , baldheads consecinentiy are iicver able to see the pad. Miss Meyers , freqiiently, dtiriiig the w,ilr; experi-enced visits from servicemen with a ; penchant lor, autographed G-strings. She'd autograph whatever name they 1 desired, and, of course, tKe boys I would go back to their pals and anj nounce that Gypsy Rose Leo or Ann • Corio, "as a mark ot extreme, affection,", had presented them with the adornment. . : Miss Meyers al.so makes athletic supports tor men and bra.s. G-^strings, bras, or what have you. Miss Meyers Univcrsal's Sue En;;lainl i.s in her early 'teens' but alter "Thi.-, Love of Ours," po.ssibilitle.s for her are limit-' les.s. Jane Adains is another the studio IS banking on, At Republic, Scott and .lohn Dall. Alda played ' Adele Mara, in Siinu of Me.\ico."' the George Gei-.slnMn role m "Rhap I "<^<l"'ttcd her.self defllv, and Esle.sody in Blue: " Seolt did "Mask of i ''^a Rodiigue/ is legaidcd as disDimitrios. " and Dall played oppo.sitc j ''"'-"'■ly » comei Fiances Rand.-cn, When, one talks ot fabulous costs in cosiumiiig shows one must immediately think ot Ziegfeld, the "Follies'' and his other mu.sicals. Ziggy, ! however, didh't have much oil such ^TrTnlff Billy Ro.se, ^j,^,^,^ jo„oo „f ^? .on[°< ^'^'^ 'Hially: Brooks. laigeM of the co. cu rent Show Boat.; The. economic eertainly a barom equation or costummg a musical .is j,,^ ^^rough this: one-third tor the dressing. Ziggy ^^e mduslrv had tobe secured l-reni~Czechoj>10". ■..claims tliat .she fits all her cii.slomvakia. . '.er.«. The biggest G-strmg .she ever , Co.stumers have done wonders in ' made .was for a famous Hollywood enhancing certain ba.sic requisites | star, for a play , she did on Broadway i for feminine beauty: Jimmy Stroock. ; in w-hich (he part called for a gee. of Brooks, reports that his firm ti.ses ' Gals like Margie Hart, the Gypola may have spent up to $85,000 to dress a musical, but a factor ; to be cen.siWei-Gd is the inflated cvaUiatioh of the current. dollar; $85,000 in the '20s could conceivablybo as mucli 8.« Sl.'jO.OOO todav. In stressing Ziggy'.s spending in terms of what Rose or Todd Would allocate tor a musical, there are such shows, lor in.stance, as "Seven Lively aArt.s"' I Rose), which is renorted to thave cost. $100,000 to outfit,' and '"iJexican Bayride" (Todd) at "over ,^^100,000." "Show , Boat" runs over , .SlOd.ObO under an overall estimated $.32.'i.000 projluction hut, , One esti In the old days "s,vm-metrjcals" were u.sed to, pad out the femmc body beaulifiii in several': placjes. -t,© make ihem conform to the buxom , and. ot course, they have tliei trend of the times, Alas! The Bi-ef ' Trust^was it just something* out of Dazian's',' It will .set many oldtimers to .speculating, dejectedly! and Ann Corio .were easy to fit. Betty avers. They have nice hips; thdy cioii't hiake no tiouble for Her, she adds. ■ ■ , Top Costume desi,i;ner,s ai-e rather lihtited in number; there .are pos.sibly half a do'/ien who get mo.st 'of the work for ihe Broadway ,shows r assistants, those awaitiiig 'their first solo chance. Bette Davis in "The Corn Is Green.' The.v are now strongly entrenched on studio's star ro,ster, Alda already having appeared oppo,s-ite Ids :Lu^ pino in "The Man I Love," and ,Scott having starred in .several further picture-s. among them "The Southerner," for Loew^H»ki^n, and "Mildred Pierce," opposite Joan Crawford. Pat Kirkwood, fresh from England, drew top teniine role with Van Johnson in Metro's -No Leave. No Love,'' and will be a.ssurcd stardom^ for she is type American audiences like. On. .samc -lot, Laui'itz Melchior, although, needs no introduction to music lovcis. became a new andshining star personality in "Thrill of a Romance, ' and Metro now lists him as a star, Angela Lansbury. who was up for Academy award la.st year in "Gasli,ght, " ■virtually star.s with William Powell in "The Hoodlum Sain(." June Allyson, also new, now is star-rated. Lawrence Tierney, at RKO. found himself automatically elevated to stardom overnight as consequence of his enactment of title role in King Bros, production of "Dillinger," at Monogram appearing opposite ll.irold Lloyd in Preston Sturges' "The Sin ol Harold Diddlebock," al.so IS a promising comer, ., IDA LUPINOYfA-YEAR FOR 3 YEARS AT RKO ■ , ■ Hollvwood. Ida Liipino signed |)a;-t .■.Minilar to. ■ one inked by Dorolli.v Lamour. calling, for former actress' '.scrviees at BKO in one film aniviiall.v, for thre.e ,vears with deal .starting June. 1947. Actress current ticket expires at Warnersin that nmiith. Mis.s Lamour signed with RliO in advance -deal calling for live years*: work starting June, 1948. Panama CoiiliiUicd rr<Mti iiurc 3 ama City, has declared that he'll not send down any taleTi to submit to such "degrading " treatment. Already canc'clledout of thai club are Winter iSisters. Woods & Bi-ay, Ruth Landi.s, Carolyn Knight: Ross Sistci-s, recogni ' current at that spot." are rcadving to tion was received on another lot. ' , -r RKO now plans to cash in on it, and already regards lum as a star of future. Don DeFore, a . Hal Wallfs Influence on Civilian We;ir leave while '.ranner & Thomas, a midget dance act, ha\e been exempted from, the deciee. Roy Rogers (not (he cowboy film ptaycrf will stay on, Nitery owners in that region are cpinbming to figfit the law on the gi-ounds tlwt it will cut 0(1 their supply of talent from this country, which they claim is vitally needed Designers a verage ;aiiy where Bijtween $2,500 id $6:00,0 per legit show', i actoi^. became a star aftfer Wallis" depending on the type of produc ; "AfTair.s of Sil.san,'': and sO did Bill One of (he important factors in tjon it is, A. layout like the Ring 1 Williams, after RKO's •'Tho.se Elitheatrical eo,siuniing is the elTect it ''lig circus, however,; ,wo-iJl(i net jdearing' 'Voung Charms." ha.=;, on ci\-ilian fashions. Designers Billy Li\-in,8ston, the designer,: con | These arc the new stars who , won of feminine attire invariably attend siderably more. ,: | that diiitinction after a .single aR I the f'n-st ni!4hts and the nightclubs Where the motion picture industry ) Pearance, during 1945. Four others | iTJhXs'»wlor la.-.moii Ideas. What stage people i.s co.u ei ned. they hiue their oun may al.so be included, all at RepubI a • ''''' ^ mate of the latter is that it co.st wear.oi'teii fortlells what mam'selle costumers in Hollywoori They keep i lie. .Frank Borzage selected Gather "iiitan ci\iii;.ii.s m that aiea. S125.000 to co.stume, which would will wear next sca.son, ' , u.sing the costumes repeatedly, inline McLeod and William Carter, make it the a'llrtime, high for dressing a legit (excepting, of course, the ■•Rhap.s'ody" fia.sco of a year ago>. leriaLs Probably thcf mb.st experusive show'^ ^ "^^^^^ ^'"■'''' ''■'^ window Jiiy of all to Costume is a non-lc^gitcr— ,o>.''s for ,sJore.s.: expo.sition.s smd the the .Ringling circus. ThLs season it t,'^'*^': ^','. '''* fli'ms reiy on this type will run as high as .$2,')0,000, The bu.sine,<!s to a big extent, and bidding is on between E.na <,iid cour.se. their supply to amatcui "I'hey've been importing talent Iroin ... »tcii ,,iAL .si-n.suii. , u.siiis uic cosiumcs lepealeolv. inline MCL,eoct and William Carter mius <•,.,. ni.. i\ A highly lucrative outgrowth of difTcrcnt p.x, with alterations,' etc., I both unknown, and .starred them in i S, t 'T ■'I'"-''" .'I"-' ' " ' pplying the iudu.stry with ma l.om the "A" films to the -".B-.s". tlion j "HI Always Love You" formerly Uo,n]hlT'^^^^^^^^ T^il rials IS (he (fleet on non-thealri fmally to the oxtra.s, and so on down '•Coiieerlo"), and Ben Hecht cho.se o ent e. m,:^ /-one. in an elToit the line. t.hea1i'ical: group.s; all. oyer the cotni : ti-,v also, nets a con.sideciible aniount. |: ; Tli^ elcnie.nt of i,"i:i;k in, iheatrica 1 ..costuming, today ' is pracfucally nil, (, A d'vcadc or more ago it ran as high : a.s ,40S . The .supply houses, an ti , the /cOKtumers; bi' ,coui-.sc, extend cretlit. but, it was difl'cfont. back -iji , thf ' early ',30s -and in . .the: '.'ijfls, ■ .Iw-hen Probably " tops for costuming a^ '''Zh''" ' •^'^"^--'"■"^"^■•^ single : , performer is.; the' tarif* " rc ' Brooks for the contract. Ice sliowal.so run higher than legits, and the\ cost anywhere from $125,000 tiu ^00.000 to outfit: that's tor troupes of the Son.la Henie caliber, of cQurse. Nighiclub shoWs like the N. Y. Co-paCabana have set :a high: standard in that (iciid. Altniteries these days ai-c co;.-lunTe-conscious. BOB RfSKIN SETS HIS INDIE PRODS. VIA RKO I two other unknowns. Ivart Kirov and Viola ■P^.s-en. to enact (op spots in his "Specd e of the Ro.se:" Bbiv.age IS so enthusiastic about his two that to entice the monied elements This IS the second .scrape in recent weeks involving ihc Panama, lan boite.s. Several weeks aco. the jhe^plans to use them in hi. n... \^:^'^::,J^:^^JT::Z ^ quired to .dross Miss Hcnie ^■or,:hel• annual,, tbitr dh (he -glidei-s'. Cost of :, ht;r co^Uthjes could outfit aij entire new le;;it musical. Her changes run as high i:s $3,500 for one; she hi.s about 10 costunic.s, tor each '.show',', ivifh some requii-iiig diiplieates ' bt>eawse nf wear and tear. Thai's over y'iCOOO for you. , . .'V,,,!!,!^! for a Ie.git, tf ,not the r(-cord, w as that paidtor one en-to i-,, m iiipgrejd's "Three Musketeei-s They, of course,, had to pay ■ in 'ad\;-iiiice. ■ Thei-o "v.-a.s, pne in.sUiiice, whe'n a ■ vvell-knijwn prodtic-ei \\'il:H ii buek(ijroUiul of a siniish hit; oi' two. a:iid a Shady Ijackground. used to carry a, eoiipicdf musiilcmen wifli liihi,. He didn't like to be approached for money. It was the era of gang.stcrs irt show ; busilicsK, when ^;(;|iej ,Kad, molls in the* chorus or among the principals. Bin that',s all sOne^ jK-wv picture, lEvery/ studib lias btiiit up an imllolivuood itiil'Ofs list of new pjayer,s. many of RKO and Robeit Ri^kin" Produc u^^, TnJ T"""^ ^" . , , "'-'^ . but at any rate all promising young tions inked deal over the w^eekcnd 1 actors and ac(res.ses.. : ' " calling for releii.sc of Ivis VxtHv iiVdie 1 . '^'^l''" concentrated especially qii: ,rinns output.. -.similar to other isetups iuvenile.s, ; a,s well as adult playtirs: vv.ith Ra.i,nbo:vv' Prdfiuclions, Liberty Tbf'se ney ones include Sharon'Mc Films, Frank Ro.ss Productions, •'Planus, 8: Dean Slockwell, (i, Skippy Ri.ikin, Ihi.s slated throe fc'ilurts en ^^omeier. 12.„lalter rcinembered for *5.d0().0l)« iiUifget ; an*: initial': cfToit Nazi ■ yoiilh: : in Leiiter ,: Cowan's "v.-ilh,be,':"Miigii; Ciiy,''';.'.'^ :;■■■:.: ;(i):(Ticx's, ahd; sfKlV o.fv;^iiskW^ cnmr piiny' wi,il,fri6v'c 'h'pni: ^Califorjiia .studlos to RKO lot -iir:Jt week. ' di.scriminaiion .suits filed by Panama .^'cgroes who were ban eri from the cafes. As a result. Art Tatum and Maurice Rocco were cancelled eon .so many repu aii',1 the costumers w-ill .sweiir that *o-nn : whcn ncver in the hi.story of show busi' S2.i|00 fta.s spent on a:i all-gold mo.sh n<.ss have there be wiini by Dennis King. Maude Adams' table showmen c...tume for "L'Aiglon" co,s( ,S1.2.%. . In aciual co.siuming approximately ihel'-i -i T T ■« »^^ business Fs dcme by n ' thcatneal costume m (ho.sc da., .s. . te,n' theatrical.s-churchcs, school.s. Some of those non-iheatricil lay fraternal organizations, etc. Brooks'. beer labulous. Partie.? , for instance; co.sliinj'c.s' froi'Ti iU ii-c, week U. S. Oti Guard is; <■<•*>< inii<i«l frBiit I'Kse 3 iss doctiiiientaries.; but. stlidio I'low is ih shape, tomake Gormaii featin'o.s. ami lomori-ow, the Wprldl"' Grownups Ira-s equipment, supplies, camera.s; include Liiia Roma,v, formerly a etc,, all set. Area has no liccn-sed |-;inger m Xaxier Ciigaf.s band: native prbdiictn s , a,** yci bu Paniela^ Britton. Tom Trout, Mai alrerid.v have apptied -fer liceii.scs,: shall ^ Thonip.son, Henry Daniels,' Feeling -anioni-dbs'orvi'rs hci'e' is (hat . ■'_''■■ Carlcion Voun.M, Arthur Walslv na licofvsc.s be gi-anted iinloss a.s.s^^ i iAPU Wltrnar Ir (Y,.| i'-^^-'' Chai-isxe 'and .Jan Clayton. ■ :. j anctf:is iivade x>l eontiiVLK'd Americaii ^■•'"V'^ "*»MCr, jr., UUL ;,_Mark ; isih'ji .nc\v-?oniei\s at 201h-Fb.x. After i Tliorc are iljO film housi-s ■ now , '.'-Within The.s-e Walls." Ii:(;!\yent o\-e.r open iii, BaViiria, Willi m:)re i-eady, to RKQ to play lead opposite .loan ; to open wheii at'd'itional film i.'S,n«ic'(! Fofilaine in "From This Day For, : available, Al.so,: Blmo,<St oyer.v :CSerJ ward,'' and now is back on his homo ' man town (tow hiii -a, liceti.sed 'U%^^^^^^ . lot playin-g opposite Lucille Ball in producer putting i.m 'live plays, j "The Dark qprner," • . : :, 'There hai;' been "a toi'i'ific urge i» V^'.Ql^' 'I"'. .Chiirles Russell and ' slaVt ; up / cultural .events and, the ■ Iticliard Crane are up^ and cominr-. i U.S; iiijliioriti.es, hiiye been ; i.ssuing and .so is Fayc Marlowe, Miclvacl . licenses whentvv'cr a politicall^-,' iDufine is ' rcgiirtled hrghly,' .after | .ekar'ajp'ftcaiiv.ait^^^^^ 'Major ,fack,:Waimei:, .li\, aftervowr Ihi'ee years with the Signal CVrjis. la.st in Frankfort, Gernian.v, on General Ei.sehhowcr's stafT: headed back lo. IloflywKjod ,i)nd a di.seliarge front tire' .sers'ice ;o\-er -the ' weel;tnd. ,' , To()k liini 12 da.\s (hi;oiigh seven iitfrrins,.;' incllitfliilg w^she(l-aA\^ay lifeboats, (0 got back to the Stales last