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Visual Education in North Russia
IN the course of a year or so of contact with the people and schools of North Eussia — the section lying east, south and west of the city of Archangel — the observer is impressed by the intelligence of the bulk of the people and by the existence of an educational system making extensive use of visual teaching.
While these northern peasants are not educated in the sense that we are accustomed to the word, they have brains in their heads and learn readily when they have a chance. For many years past each little village or group of villages has had its school house and its trained school teacher. Theoretically every child
Aeroplane view of Technical Institute in Archangel, the "School City" of North Russia. The smaller building in right foreground is the Navigation School.
is required to attend at least three years and receive a minimum of 100 hours of personal attention by the teacher in that time. The result has been that it is rare to find a North Eussian peasant between the ages of ten and thirty-five who cannot read and write to some extent.
As a matter of fact, the troublous times have limited the village schools at present to the three years course. But in those three years the child may learn more that is really useful to him and be further along in preparation for his career as farmer, woodsman or riverman than does the American child in the first five years spent in preparing for his future in America. And this is due to visual education, which is practiced from the first grade in the village school clear up to the end of the most technical courses offered in the institutes of Archangel, the "college town" of North Eussia.
Of course, this is not "movie" visualization, altho there are cinematographs in Eussia. The closest approach to the motion picture is a revolving
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