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Visual Education
view stereoscopic arrangement used in the Technical Institute. But the visual education, which had its foundation in the bookless years of the dim past, and which has been of immense help in the limited North Eussia public school work, is conducted by means of pictures, charts, relief models, stuffed figures and samples without number. These apply chiefly to the shapes of plane and solid figures, the simple geography of the world and more analytical geography of Eussia, the history of Eussia and of the Eussian church, the chief industries, raw materials, processes and finished products of Eussia, the animal life of Eussia, methods
Yemetskoe, Archangel Province, North Russia, before the Bolshevists took it. Village school is second house from left.
of transportation and the type of people predominating in the larger countries of both hemispheres. How many children at the end of the fifth or sixth grade in America know whether the rectangle is plane or solid, whether South America is larger than North America, whether Texas raises most value of wheat or of cotton, what were the successive waves of population over-running the ranges of the North American Indian, and so on through the list of items of the previous paragraph as they might be applied to the United States? We do not mean to leave the impression that all or any large part of the North Eussian kiddies can remember all such things regarding their own country, but they know some of them, and have been shown concrete examples and pictured processes and scenes to such an extent that they are prepared to see and hear more without surprise and with a degree of understanding that is sometimes startling when one remembers that they have never traveled or met many travelers.
Fish is a staple in North Eussia. The average ten-year-old boy can tell you of the fish and the ways of catching them, although he may never have been away